Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark one)
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ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007
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TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number 001-31812
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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58-2301143 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
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(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
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111 Barclay Boulevard
Lincolnshire, Illinois
(Address of principal executive offices)
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60069
(Zip Code) |
(847) 478-0500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of each class
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share
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Name of each exchange on which registered
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC
(NASDAQ Global Market) |
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of
the Securities Act. YES
o NO þ
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or
Section 15(d) of the Act. YES
o NO þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by
Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES
þ NO o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K
(§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of
registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in
Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of large accelerated
filer, accelerated filer, and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
(Check one):
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Large accelerated filer o
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Accelerated filer þ
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Non-accelerated filer o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
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Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
YES o NO þ
The aggregate market value of the registrants common stock, excluding shares beneficially owned by
affiliates, computed by reference to the closing sales price at which the common stock was last
sold as of June 30, 2007 (the last business day of the registrants second quarter) as reported by
the American Stock Exchange on that date was $151,387,673.
As of March 10, 2008, 26,794,607 shares of common stock of the registrant were outstanding.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III of this annual report on Form 10-K incorporates by reference information (to the extent
specific sections are referred to herein) from the registrants Proxy Statement for its 2008 Annual
Meeting of Stockholders to be held in June 2008.
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i
This annual report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements. For this purpose, any
statements contained in this Form 10-K that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to
be forward-looking statements. You can identify forward-looking statements by those that are not
historical in nature, particularly those that use terminology such as may, will, should,
expects, anticipates, contemplates, estimates, believes, plans, projected,
predicts, potential or continue or the negative of these or similar terms. In evaluating
these forward-looking statements, you should consider various factors, including those listed below
under the heading Item 1. Description of Business Forward-Looking Statements. These factors
may cause our actual results to differ materially from any forward-looking statement.
As used in this report, references to BioSante, the company, we, our or us, unless the
context otherwise requires, refer to BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
We own or have the rights to use various trademarks, trade names or service marks, including
BioSante®, Elestrin,
LibiGel®,
Bio-E-Gel®,
Bio-E/P-Gel,
LibiGel-E/T, Bio-T-Gel, The Pill-Plus, BioVant, NanoVant, BioLook, CAP-Oral and BioAir.
This report also contains trademarks, trade names and service marks that are owned by other persons
or entities.
ii
Item 1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
General
We are a biopharmaceutical company that develops hormone therapy products to treat men and women.
We also are engaged in the development of our proprietary calcium phosphate nanotechnology, or CaP,
primarily for aesthetic medicine, novel vaccines and drug delivery.
Our hormone therapy products address a variety of hormone therapies for symptoms that affect both
men and women, with an emphasis on women. Symptoms addressed by these hormone therapies in women
include sexual dysfunction (hypoactive sexual desire disorder) and hot flashes. The products are
gel formulations of testosterone, estradiol and various combinations of testosterone and estradiol.
The gels are designed to be quickly absorbed through the skin after application on the upper arm
for the womens products, delivering the hormone to the bloodstream evenly and in a non-invasive,
painless manner. The gels are formulated to be applied once per day, to be absorbed into the skin
without a trace of residue and to dry within one to two minutes.
The following is a list of our key hormone therapy products:
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LibiGel once daily transdermal testosterone gel in Phase III development for treatment of
female sexual dysfunction (FSD). |
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Elestrin once daily transdermal estradiol (an estrogen) gel FDA-approved for treatment of
menopausal symptoms in women. |
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Bio-T-Gel once daily transdermal testosterone gel in development for treatment of
hypogonadism, or testosterone deficiency, in men. |
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The Pill-Plus (Triple Hormone Contraceptive) once daily use of various combinations of
estrogens, progestogens and androgens in development for treatment of FSD in women using oral
or transdermal contraceptives. |
In order to market our hormone therapy products in the United States, we are required to obtain
approval of a new drug application (NDA) or an abbreviated NDA (ANDA) for each such product from
the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). With respect to Elestrin, we submitted an
NDA in February 2006 and received non-conditional and full approval of the NDA from the FDA in
December 2006 with no Phase IV development commitments. In addition, we received three years of
marketing exclusivity for Elestrin. In November 2006, we entered into an exclusive agreement with
Bradley Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the marketing of Elestrin in the United States. Effective
February 21, 2008, Nycomed US Inc. completed its acquisition of Bradley. As a result, all
references to Bradley have been changed to Nycomed in this report. Nycomed commercially launched
Elestrin in the U.S. in June 2007.
Prior to submitting an NDA or ANDA for our other hormone therapy products, the products must
undergo additional human clinical trials. LibiGel successfully has completed a Phase II clinical
trial, and we began the first of two Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials in December 2006
and a separate safety study in January 2008. We believe based on FDA discussions, meetings and
agreements, including a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) received in January 2008, that two Phase
III safety and efficacy
trials and one year of LibiGel exposure in a separate safety study with a four-year follow-up
post-NDA filing and potentially post-FDA approval are the essential requirements for submission
and, if successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for LibiGel.
1
Our CaP technology is based on the use of extremely small, solid, uniform particles, which we call
nanoparticles. We are pursuing the development of three potential initial applications for our
CaP technology. First, CaP technology is being tested in the area of aesthetic medicine. Second,
we are pursuing the creation of improved versions of current vaccines and of new vaccines by the
adjuvant activity of our proprietary nanoparticles that enhance the ability of a vaccine to
stimulate an immune response. The same nanoparticles allow for delivery of the vaccine via
alternative routes of administration including non-injectable routes of administration. Third, we
are pursuing the creation of oral, buccal, intranasal, inhaled and longer acting delivery of drugs
that currently must be given by injection (e.g., insulin).
The following is a list of our CaP products in development:
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BioLook a facial line filler in development using proprietary CaP technology in the area
of aesthetic medicine. |
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BioVant proprietary CaP adjuvant and delivery technology in development for improved
versions of current vaccines and new vaccines against viral and bacterial infections and
autoimmune diseases, among others, including hepatitis B, avian flu and biodefense vaccines
for toxins such as anthrax. BioVant also serves as a delivery system for non-injected
delivery of vaccines. |
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BioOral a delivery system using CaP technology for oral/buccal/intranasal administration
of proteins and other therapies that currently must be injected. |
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BioAir a delivery system using CaP technology for inhalable versions of proteins and
other therapies that currently must be injected. |
Business Strategy
Our goal is to develop and commercialize our hormone therapy products and develop our CaP
technology into a wide range of pharmaceutical products. Key elements of our strategy to obtain
this goal are to:
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Pursue the development of our hormone therapy products. We are focused on building a
pipeline of hormone therapy products for various potential indications in women and men. We
received approval of an NDA for Elestrin in December 2006. Our U.S. marketing licensee,
Nycomed, commercially launched Elestrin in the U.S. in June 2007. LibiGel successfully has
completed a Phase II clinical trial, and we began the first of two Phase III safety and
efficacy clinical trials in December 2006 and a separate safety study in January 2008. We
believe based on FDA discussions, meetings and agreements, including a Special Protocol
Assessment received in January 2008, that two Phase III safety and efficacy trials and one
year of LibiGel exposure in a separate safety study with a four-year follow-up post-NDA filing
and potentially post-FDA approval are the essential requirements for submission and, if
successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for LibiGel. In June 2007, we announced that we and
a subsidiary of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. reinitiated our collaboration on the
development of Bio-T-Gel, our male testosterone gel, for the U.S. market. |
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Continue to develop our nanoparticle-based CaP platform technology and seek collaborations
for its development through government agencies and corporate partner sublicenses. We have
entered into and are seeking opportunities to enter into additional business collaborations,
joint ventures or
sublicenses with companies that have businesses or technologies complementary to our CaP
technology business, such as aesthetic medicine expertise, vaccine and/or drug delivery
pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies, and with various governmental entities focused on
developing new vaccines and alternative drug delivery systems. We believe that this partnering
strategy will enable us to capitalize on our partners strengths in product development,
manufacturing and commercialization and thereby enable the introduction into the market of
products incorporating our CaP technology sooner than we otherwise would be able. In addition,
these collaborations have continued to enable us to progress CaP development yet minimize our
spending on the development of products incorporating our CaP technology. |
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Continue to seek and implement strategic alternatives with respect to our products,
including business collaborations, joint ventures licenses and other business combinations and
transactions with other pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. We continually evaluate
various strategic alternatives with respect to our products. One of our strategic goals is to
continue to seek and implement business collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other
business combinations or transactions with entities that have businesses or technologies
complementary to our business. Therefore, as a matter of course from time to time, we engage
in discussions with third parties regarding licensure or acquisition of products and
technologies or a merger or acquisition of our company. |
Hormone Therapy Market
Hormone therapy is used to relieve one or more symptoms caused by declining or low hormone levels.
Symptoms addressed by hormone therapies include female sexual dysfunction and menopausal symptoms
in women, including hot flashes, vaginal atrophy and impotence, lack of sex drive and muscle
weakness in men. The primary goal of hormone therapy is to safely and effectively relieve these
dysfunctions and symptoms with minimal side effects.
Testosterone Therapy for Women. Although generally characterized as a male hormone, testosterone
also is present in women and its deficiency has been found to cause low libido or sex drive.
Studies have shown that testosterone therapy in women can boost sexual desire, sexual activity and
pleasure, increase bone density, raise energy levels and improve mood. According to a study
published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 43 percent of American women between
the ages of 18 59, or about 40 million, experience some degree of impaired sexual function.
Among the more than 1,400 women surveyed, 32 percent lacked interest in sex (low sexual desire) and
26 percent could not experience orgasm. Furthermore, according to a study published in the New
England Journal of Medicine, 43 percent of American women between the ages of 57 85 experience
low sexual desire. Importantly, according to IMS data, 1.4 million testosterone prescriptions were
written off-label for women by U.S. physicians in 2006. Female sexual dysfunction, or FSD, is
defined as a lack of sexual desire, arousal or pleasure. The majority of women with FSD are
postmenopausal, experiencing symptoms due to hormonal changes that occur with aging or following
surgical menopause.
There is no pharmaceutical product currently approved in the United States for FSD. While several
therapies have been tested to treat FSD, thus far testosterone therapy appears to be the only
treatment that results in a consistent significant increase in the number of satisfying sexual
events in women, which represents one of the two key efficacy endpoints chosen by the FDA for
pivotal clinical trials of FSD therapies. We are not aware of another testosterone therapy product
for the treatment of FSD in development other than LibiGel.
3
In December 2004, the FDAs Reproductive Health Drugs Advisory Committee panel voted unanimously
against recommending the approval of Procter & Gambles Intrinsa testosterone patch for hypoactive
sexual desire disorder (HSDD). The panels main concern was a desire to have available additional
safety data particularly as it pertains to potential increased risk of cardiovascular disease and
breast cancer in women treated chronically with testosterone in combination with estrogen. Despite
the recommendation not to approve Intrinsa, the panel voted that Intrinsa provides a clinically
meaningful benefit for women with HSDD. Procter & Gamble withdrew its NDA for Intrinsa and it is
our understanding that Procter & Gamble completed two additional Phase III studies in over 1,000
naturally menopausal women (i.e., with an intact uterus) as well as additional Phase III studies in
different patient populations for a total of five Phase III clinical trials. However, to date, we
are not aware of any clinical activity by Procter & Gamble to
provide the required safety data. Procter & Gamble received European regulatory approval for its Intrinsa patch in July 2006 and
began marketing the product in Europe during the first half of 2007. It is our understanding that
Procter & Gamble has not made any final decision as to whether it will continue to pursue
regulatory approval of Intrinsa in the United States.
Pursuant to our discussions, meetings and agreements with the FDA including a Special Protocol
Assessment (SPA) received in January 2008 regarding LibiGel, we believe two Phase III safety and
efficacy trials and one year of LibiGel exposure in a separate safety study with a four-year
follow-up post-NDA filing and potentially post-FDA approval are the essential requirements for
submission and, if successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for LibiGel.
Estrogen and Combined Estrogen Therapy for Women. According to The North American Menopause
Society, there are more than 40 million postmenopausal women in the U.S., and this group is
expected to grow 25 percent by 2010. Menopause begins when the ovaries cease to produce estrogen,
or when both ovaries are removed surgically prior to natural menopause. The average age at which
women experience natural menopause is 51 years. The average age of surgical menopause is 41 years.
The most common physical symptoms of natural or surgical menopause and the resultant estrogen
deficiency are hot flashes, vaginal atrophy and osteoporosis. According to the North American
Menopause Society, recent studies show that hot flashes occur in approximately two-thirds of
menopausal women. Hormone therapy in women decreases the chance that women will experience the
symptoms of menopause due to estrogen deficiency. According to industry estimates, approximately
six million women in the U.S. currently are receiving some form of estrogen or combined estrogen
hormone therapy. According to IMS Health, the current market in the U.S. for single-entity
estrogen products was approximately $1.4 billion in 2007, of which the transdermal segment, mostly
patches, is reported at about $260 million. As the baby boomer generation ages, the number of
women reaching menopause, a large percentage of whom may need estrogen or combined estrogen
therapy, is between 5,000 and 6,000 women per day in the U.S.
There are several treatment options for women experiencing menopausal symptoms, which vary
according to which symptoms a woman experiences and whether or not she has had a hysterectomy.
Estrogen is most commonly given orally in pill or tablet form. There are several potential side
effects, however, with the use of oral estrogen, including insufficient absorption by the
circulatory system, stomach upset, gallstones, blood clots as well as an increase in C-reactive
protein, a possible marker for cardiovascular inflammation. Recent reports suggest that oral
estrogen causes an increase in strokes and blood clots. Although transdermal, or skin, patches
have been shown to avoid some of these problems or effects, transdermal patches have a physical
presence, can fall off, and can result in skin irritation. However, transdermal delivery of
estrogen via patches or gels may reduce the risks associated with oral estrogen, including having
no effect on C-reactive protein and potentially reduce the risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular
disease.
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Women who have not had a hysterectomy must take estrogen in combination with progestogen (either
progestin or progesterone) as estrogen alone may increase endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial
cancer risks. In July 2002, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released data from its Womens
Health Initiative (WHI) study on the risks and benefits associated with long-term use of oral
hormone
(conjugated estrogen plus progestin) therapy. The NIH announced that it was discontinuing the arm
of the study investigating the use of the estrogen/progestogen tablet combination from the WHI
study because Prempro®, the combination oral estrogen/progestogen therapy product used
in the study, was shown to cause an increase in the risk of invasive breast cancer after an average
follow-up period of 5.2 years. The study also found an increased risk of stroke, heart attacks and
blood clots and concluded that overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of the orally
delivered combined estrogen plus progestogen product among healthy postmenopausal women. Also in
July 2002, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) published the results of an observational study in
which it found that postmenopausal women who used estrogen therapy for 10 or more years had a
higher risk of developing ovarian cancer than women who never used hormone therapy. The markets
for female hormone therapies for menopausal symptoms declined as a result of these published
studies.
In March 2004, the NIH announced that the estrogen-alone arm of the study was discontinued after
nearly seven years because the NIH concluded that estrogen alone does not affect (either increase
or decrease) heart disease, the major question being evaluated in the study. The findings
indicated a slightly increased risk of stroke as well as a decreased risk of hip fracture and
breast cancer. Preliminary data from the memory portion of the WHI study suggested that estrogen
alone may possibly be associated with a slight increase in the risk of dementia or mild cognitive
impairment.
Recently published results suggest that age has an effect on these results and women who begin
estrogen therapy in their fifties might in fact see a decrease in the risk of heart disease and
breast cancer. The WHI studies were conducted using only oral conjugated estrogen.
In May 2006, data from the Nurses Health Study (NHS) were published in the Archives of Internal
Medicine showing no increase in invasive breast cancer risk among postmenopausal hysterectomized
women who used estrogen-alone therapy for less than 10 years. The NHS researchers also reported a
nonsignificant decrease in breast cancer risk among current estrogen therapy users for five to 9.9
years. These data are consistent with the recent findings on estrogen therapy and breast cancer
that were published from the Womens Health Initiative (WHI) Estrogen Therapy (ET) sub-study. The
NHS is a large prospective cohort study of over 120,000 registered nurses in the United States.
There were 11,508 women who had a hysterectomy and reported information on estrogen use at baseline
in 1980. The study population was expanded every two years as NHS participants reported having a
hysterectomy and becoming menopausal. By the final follow-up period (2000- 2002), there were 28,835
women being followed in the study.
In February 2007, the medical journal Circulation published data suggesting the risks of hormones
are dramatically reduced when the drugs are absorbed through the skin in patches and gels rather
than taken as pills. The study by French researchers showed that one of the most serious risks
associated with hormone use blood clots could be virtually eliminated if women switch to a
skin-delivery system like the patch. It is estimated that more than six million U.S. women use
menopause hormones to relieve hot flashes and other symptoms. Although hormone drugs come in
pills, patches, gels, a lotion and rings, the vast majority of U.S. women use the pill form.
Among the 881 women studied in the Circulation report, researchers found that women who took oral
hormone pills were four times as likely to suffer a serious blood clot. Women who used transdermal
hormone patches or gels were at no higher risk for blood clots than women who did not take hormones
at all. The research, collected from a continuing study called ESTHER (which stands for Estrogen
and Thromboembolism Risk), was funded primarily by French government health agencies and also
received some support from drug companies that make patch treatments. The women studied were
taking either estrogen only or an estrogen-and-progestin combination.
5
As a result of the findings from the WHI and other studies, the FDA has required that black box
labeling be included on all hormone therapy products marketed in the United States to warn, among
other things, that these products have been associated with increased risks for heart disease,
heart attacks, strokes, and breast cancer and that they are not approved for heart disease
prevention. In addition, NIH guidelines, which are supported by many physicians and the FDA, as
well as the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the North American
Menopause Society (NAMS), recommend hormone therapy for treating menopausal symptoms in the lowest
dose possible for the shortest duration of time consistent with therapeutic goals.
The primary advantage of transdermal estrogen therapy products over oral products is that the
estrogen avoids the first pass through the liver where it may have certain negative effects and
it avoids being metabolized and losing potency, thereby allowing a lower dosage of hormone to be
used. In addition, unlike the oral products containing conjugated estrogens, which were evaluated
in the NIH trials, transdermal products, such as our Elestrin, use estradiol which is identical to
the estrogen produced naturally by a womans ovaries. No studies to date have evaluated the
long-term effects of transdermal estrogen alone. Despite the lack of such studies, however, the
FDA has approved several transdermal estrogen or estrogen combined with progestogen products,
including transdermal patches, manufactured by Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Berlex Laboratories,
Inc., Mylan Laboratories, Inc., Novartis Pharma AG, Pfizer Inc., and Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc.;
transdermal gels marketed by Ascend Therapeutics, Inc. and Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc. and our
Elestrin transdermal gel marketed by Nycomed.
Testosterone Therapy for Men. Testosterone deficiency in men is known as hypogonadism. Low levels
of testosterone may result in lethargy, depression, decreased sex drive, impotence, low sperm count
and increased irritability. Men with severe and prolonged reduction of testosterone also may
experience loss of body hair, reduced muscle mass, osteoporosis and bone fractures due to
osteoporosis. Approximately five million men in the United States, primarily over age 40, have
lower than normal levels of testosterone. Testosterone therapy has been shown to restore levels of
testosterone with minimal side effects.
There are currently several products on the market for the treatment of low testosterone levels in
men. As opposed to estrogen therapy products, oral administration of testosterone is currently not
possible as the hormone is, for the most part, rendered inactive in the liver making it difficult
to achieve adequate levels of the compound in the bloodstream. Current methods of administration
include testosterone injections, patches and gels. Testosterone injections require large needles,
are often painful and not effective for maintaining adequate testosterone blood levels throughout
the day. Delivery of testosterone through transdermal patches was developed primarily to promote
the therapeutic effects of testosterone therapy without the often painful side effects associated
with testosterone injections. Transdermal patches, however, similar to estrogen patches, have a
physical presence, can fall off, and can result in skin irritation. Testosterone formulated gel
products for men are designed to deliver testosterone without the pain of injections and the
physical presence, skin irritation and discomfort associated with transdermal patches. We are
aware of two gel testosterone products for men currently on the market in the United States.
According to IMS Health, the U.S. market for transdermal testosterone therapies grew approximately
22 percent in 2007 to $624 million from $510 million in 2006. We have entered into a development
and license agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., pursuant to which Teva USA agreed to
develop our male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, for the U.S. market.
Description of Our Hormone Therapy Products
Overview. Our hormone therapy products are gel formulations of testosterone, estradiol, a
combination of estradiol and testosterone. The gels are designed to be quickly absorbed through
the skin after application on the upper arm for the womens products, delivering the hormone to the
bloodstream evenly and in a
non-invasive, painless manner. The gels are formulated to be applied once per day and to be
absorbed into the skin without a trace of residue and to dry in under one to two minutes.
6
We believe our hormone therapy products have a number of benefits over competitive hormone therapy
products, including the following:
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our transdermal gels can be spread over areas of skin where they dry rapidly and decrease
the chance for skin irritation versus transdermal patches; |
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our transdermal gels may have fewer side effects than many pills which have been known to
cause gallstones, blood clots and complications related to metabolism; |
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our transdermal gels have been shown to be well absorbed, thus allowing clinical hormone
levels to reach the systemic circulation; |
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hormone therapy using gels may allow for better dose adjustment than either transdermal
patches or oral tablets or capsules; and |
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gel formulations may be more appealing to patients since they are less conspicuous than
transdermal patches, which may be aesthetically unattractive. |
LibiGel. LibiGel is a once daily transdermal testosterone gel designed to treat female sexual
dysfunction, specifically hypoactive sexual desire disorder. The majority of women with FSD are
postmenopausal, experiencing FSD due to hormonal changes due to aging or following surgical
menopause. LibiGel successfully has completed a Phase II clinical trial, and we began the first of
two Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials in December 2006, a separate safety study in
January 2008 and plan to begin the second safety and efficacy trial in the first half of 2008.
Our Phase II LibiGel trial was a U.S.-based, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 46 women to
determine the effect of LibiGel on womens sexual activity. Our Phase II trial showed
statistically significant results for the primary endpoint of the study. In the trial, there was a
238 percent increase from baseline (p<0.0001) in the frequency of satisfying sexual events as
measured by individual patient diaries. This increase also was significant versus placebo (p<
0.05). The data indicate an effective LibiGel dose for the treatment of HSDD in women, and that
LibiGel was well tolerated during the course of the trial, and had a safety profile similar to that
of the placebo, with no women discontinuing use due to adverse events.
We believe based on FDA discussions, meetings and agreements including a Special Protocol
Assessment (SPA) received in January 2008 that two Phase III safety and efficacy trials and one
year of LibiGel exposure in a separate safety study with a four year follow-up post-NDA filing and
potentially post-FDA approval are the essential requirements for submission and, if successful,
approval by the FDA of an NDA for LibiGel. In January 2008, we announced that we successfully
completed and reached agreement with the FDA under the Special Protocol Assessment process for our
Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials for LibiGel in the treatment of FSD, specifically,
HSDD. The SPA process and agreement affirms that the FDA agrees that the LibiGel Phase III
clinical trial design, clinical endpoints, sample size, planned conduct and statistical analyses
are acceptable to support regulatory approval. Further, it provides assurance that these agreed
measures will serve as the basis for regulatory review and the decision by the FDA to approve an
NDA for LibiGel. The SPA agreement covers the pivotal Phase III safety and efficacy trials of
LibiGel in the treatment of FSD. These SPA trials use our validated instruments to
measure the clinical endpoints.
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The Phase III safety and efficacy trials of LibiGel in the treatment of female sexual dysfunction,
one of which has been initiated, are double-blind, placebo-controlled trials that will enroll up to
approximately 500 surgically menopausal women each for a six-month clinical trial. We hope to
initiate the second Phase III efficacy trial in the first half of 2008.
We initiated the Phase III cardiovascular safety study in January 2008. The safety study is a
randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, cardiovascular events driven study of
between 2,400 and 3,100 women exposed to LibiGel or placebo for 12 months. The safety study will
track a list of cardiovascular events including cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction and
stroke in women 50 years of age or older and suffering from at least one cardiovascular risk factor
including hypertension or diabetes. The objective of the safety study is to show the relative
safety of testosterone compared to placebo in the number of cardiovascular events. The incidence of
breast cancer also will be tracked over the course of the study. Following NDA submission and
potential FDA approval, we will continue to follow the subjects in the safety study for an
additional four years.
Elestrin. Our estrogen formulated gel product, Elestrin, is a once daily gel that delivers
estrogen without the skin irritation associated with, and the physical presence of, transdermal
patches, and to avoid the effects of oral estrogen. Elestrin contains estradiol versus conjugated
equine estrogen contained in the most commonly prescribed oral estrogen.
In December 2006, we received FDA approval for the marketing of Elestrin in the United States.
Elestrin is indicated for the treatment of moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes)
associated with menopause. Elestrin is administered using a metered dose applicator that delivers
0.87 grams of gel per actuation, thereby allowing for precise titration from dose to dose. Two
doses of Elestrin, 0.87 grams per day and 1.7 grams per day, were approved by the FDA. Elestrin
0.87 grams, that delivers 12.5 mcg of estradiol per day, is one of the lowest daily doses of
estradiol approved by the FDA for the treatment of hot flashes and is 50 percent lower than the
lowest dose, FDA-approved estrogen patch on the market. The Elestrin FDA approval was a
non-conditional and full approval with no Phase IV development commitments. In addition, we
received three years of marketing exclusivity for Elestrin.
In November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Nycomed for the marketing
of Elestrin in the United States. Nycomed commercially launched Elestrin in the U.S. in June 2007.
Our Other Hormone Therapy Products. In addition to LibiGel and Elestrin, our hormone therapy
products include Bio-T-Gel, LibiGel-E/T and The Pill-Plus. We have entered into several license or
sublicense agreements covering some of our hormone therapy products, including a development and
license agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., pursuant to which Teva USA is developing our
male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, for the U.S. market and an agreement with Paladin Labs Inc.
covering Canadian rights to certain of our hormone therapy products. The financial terms of these
agreements generally include an upfront license fee, milestone payments, royalty payments to us if
a product incorporating the licensed technology gets approved and subsequently is marketed and a
portion of any payments received from subsequent successful out-licensing efforts.
The Pill-Plus is based on three issued U.S. patents claiming triple hormone therapy via any route
of administration (the combination use of estrogen plus progestogen plus androgen, e.g.
testosterone) and three issued U.S. patents pertaining to triple hormone contraception. In July
2005, we obtained an exclusive license from Wake Forest University Health Sciences (formerly known
as Wake Forest University) and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center for the three issued U.S. patents for
triple hormone contraception. The financial terms of the license include an upfront payment,
regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments and royalty payments by us if a product
incorporating the licensed technology gets approved and subsequently is marketed. In May 2007, we
announced that we sub-licensed U.S. rights to a new triple hormone oral contraceptive to
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Pantarhei Bioscience B.V.
(Pantarhei), a Netherlands-based pharmaceutical company. Pantarhei is responsible under the
agreement for all expenses to develop and market the product. We may receive certain development
and regulatory milestones for the first product developed under the license. In addition, we will
receive royalty payments on any sales of the product in the U.S., if and when approved and
marketed. If the product is sublicensed by Pantarhei to another company, we will receive a
percentage of any and all payments received by Pantarhei for the sublicense from a third party. We
have retained all rights under our licensed patents to the transdermal delivery of triple hormone
contraceptives.
Description of Our CaP Technology and Products
We believe our CaP technology can serve as a facial line filler in the area of aesthetic medicine
and as an effective vehicle for delivering drugs and vaccines and enhancing the effects of
vaccines. Our CaP nanoparticles successfully have passed the first stage of toxicity studies for
administration orally, into muscles, under the skin, and into the lungs by inhalation. We
successfully have completed a Phase I human clinical safety trial of CaP. We have entered into
several subcontract or development agreements with various corporate partners and governmental
entities concerning our CaP technology.
Overview of CaP Technology. Research and development involving our CaP technology originated in a
project under an agreement dated April 6, 1989 between the University of California and one of our
predecessor companies, relating to viral protein surface absorption studies. The discovery
research was funded at UCLA School of Medicine and was based, in essence, on the use of extremely
small, solid, uniform particles as components that could increase the stability of drugs and act as
systems to deliver drugs into the body. Research in these areas at UCLA or our laboratory has
resulted in the issuance of a number of patents, which we either license from the University of
California or own.
These ultra fine particles are made from inert, biologically acceptable materials, such as
ceramics, pure crystalline carbon or biodegradable calcium phosphate-like particles. The size of
the particles is in the nanometer range. A nanometer is one millionth of a millimeter and
typically particles measure approximately 300 nanometers (nm). Because the size of these particles
is measured in nanometers, we use the term nanoparticles to describe them.
We use the nanoparticles as the basis of a delivery system. The critical property of these
nanoparticles is that biologically active molecules, proteins, peptides or pharmacological agents,
for example, vaccine components like bacterial or viral antigens or proteins like insulin, attached
to them, retain their activity and can be protected from natural alterations to their molecular
structure by adverse environmental conditions. It has been shown in studies conducted by us and
confirmed by others that when these combinations are injected into animals, the attachment can
enhance the biological activity as compared to injection of the molecule alone.
We believe our CaP technology has a number of benefits, including the following:
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it is biodegradable (capable of being decomposed by natural biological processes) and
non-toxic and therefore potentially safe to use and introduce into the human body; |
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it is fast, easy and inexpensive to manufacture, which should keep costs down and
potentially lead to higher profit margins compared to other delivery systems; |
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the nanometer (one-millionth of a millimeter) size range makes it ideal for delivering
drugs through aerosol sprays, inhalation or intranasally, instead of using often painful and
inconvenient injections; and |
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it has excellent loading capacity the amount of molecules that can bond with the
nanoparticles thereby potentially decreasing the dose needed to be taken by patients while
enhancing the release capabilities.
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Potential Commercial Applications for CaP. We plan to develop commercial applications of our CaP
technology and any proprietary technology developed as a result of our ongoing research and
development efforts. Initially, we plan to pursue primarily the development of:
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a facial line filler using CaP technology in the area of aesthetic medicine; |
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injected and non-injected vaccines using CaP as a delivery system and vaccine adjuvant; and |
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drug delivery systems, including a method of delivering proteins (e.g., insulin) orally or
buccally, or through intranasal and subcutaneous routes of administration. |
Our pre-clinical research team in our laboratory in Doylestown, Pennsylvania currently is pursuing
the development of our CaP technology in these areas as well as exploring other areas, such as
allergy applications.
CaP Products in Development. The following is a list of our CaP products in development:
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BioLook a facial line filler in development using proprietary CaP technology in the area
of aesthetic medicine. |
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BioVant proprietary CaP adjuvant and delivery technology in development for improved
versions of current vaccines and new vaccines against cancer, viral and bacterial infections
and autoimmune diseases, among others, including hepatitis B, avian flu and biodefense
vaccines for toxins such as anthrax. BioVant also serves as a delivery system for
non-injected delivery of vaccines. |
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BioOral a delivery system using CaP technology for oral/buccal/intranasal administration
of proteins and other therapies that currently must be injected. |
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BioAir a delivery system using CaP technology for inhalable versions of proteins and
other therapies that currently must be injected. |
Aesthetic Medicine. In November 2007, we signed a license agreement covering the use of our CaP as
a facial filler (BioLook) in aesthetic medicine. The license was signed with Medical Aesthetics
Technology Corporation (MATC) with whom we previously had been working in the field of aesthetic
medicine under an option agreement. Under the license agreement, MATC is responsible for continued
development of BioLook, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings and all
manufacturing and marketing associated with the product. In exchange for this license, we have
taken an ownership position in MATC of approximately five percent of the common stock of MATC. In
addition to the ownership position, we may receive certain milestone payments and royalties as well
as share in certain payments if MATC sublicenses the technology.
Pre-clinical work to date by MATC indicates that our BioLook nanotechnology performs well as a
facial line filler and may be at least as long lasting and safe as other injectable fillers.
Preliminary results indicate long lasting effects with no adverse events. BioLook should be
extremely user friendly with minimal risk of side effects and may improve both facial wrinkles and
fulfill larger facial volume needs. Further pre-clinical tests currently are underway to confirm
these preliminary positive results and determine whether BioLook can extend the beneficial
wrinkle-filling effects longer than those produced
by the leading hyaluronic acid fillers, such as Restylane currently marketed by Medicis
Pharmaceutical Corporation, which typically last about six months after injection into the skin.
Human clinical testing of BioLook for this use is being planned and is expected to be initiated by
MATC within the next six months.
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Vaccine Adjuvant and Delivery System. We believe that our CaP nanoparticles may offer a means of
preparing new improved formulations of current vaccines that are equal or better in their safety
and immunogenicity, that is, in their capacity to elicit an immune response, compared to
alum-formulated and non-adjuvanted vaccines but may be injected in lower concentrations and less
often which could result in certain benefits, including cost savings and improved patient
compliance. Also, we believe that CaP will allow for creation of safe and effective vaccines for
diseases and conditions for which new vaccine alternatives may be preferred. Further, we believe
that CaP will allow for vaccines to be delivered by alternate routes of administration such as
intranasally rather than by injection.
Our nanoparticles when combined with vaccine antigens have been shown in animal studies conducted
by us and others to possess an ability to elicit a higher immune response than non-adjuvanted
vaccines and an immune response of the same magnitude as alum-formulated vaccines. These
preclinical studies also have shown that our CaP nanoparticles also may sustain higher antibody
levels over a longer time period than both alum-formulated vaccines and non-adjuvanted vaccines.
Because our CaP nanoparticles are made of calcium phosphate-like material, which has a chemical
nature similar to normal bone material and therefore is natural to the human body, as opposed to
aluminum hydroxide, or alum, which is not natural to the human body, we believe that our
nanoparticles may be safer to use than alum especially for intranasal delivery. In our animal
studies, we observed no material adverse reactions when our CaP nanoparticles were administered at
effective levels.
We filed an investigational new drug, or IND, application with the FDA and have conducted a Phase I
human clinical trial of CaP as a vaccine adjuvant and delivery system, which we call BioVant. As
discussed in more detail under the heading Government Regulation, the purpose of a Phase I trial
is to evaluate the metabolism and safety of the experimental product in humans, the side effects
associated with increasing doses, and, if possible, to gain early evidence of possible
effectiveness. The Phase I trial of our CaP specifically looked at safety parameters, including
local irritation and blood chemistry changes. The Phase I trial was a double blind, placebo
controlled trial, in 18 subjects to determine the safety of CaP as a vaccine adjuvant. The trial
results showed that there was no apparent difference in side-effect profile between CaP and
placebo. Phase I and or Phase II clinical trials will need to be repeated for each CaP/vaccine and
CaP/protein drug developed.
In January 2007, we announced positive results of a dose ranging pre-clinical study demonstrating
that our CaP-based vaccine adjuvant, BioVant, may serve as a vaccine adjuvant for the development
of an effective vaccine against H5N1, widely known as bird flu. Our pre-clinical studys objective
was to determine the optimal formulation of BioVant with a very low dose of H5N1 antigen. At the
start of the 16-week pre-clinical trial, mice received either the H5N1 antigen alone or in one of
several formulations with BioVant, as well as various control groups. A booster immunization was
administered after two and 10 weeks. Results showed that the administration of a BioVant/H5N1
formulation stimulated a significantly higher production of titers of H5N1-specific antibodies than
H5N1 alone. Further, the anti-bird flu antibody levels continued to increase over the entire study
period, suggesting good duration of immunity. We believe this dose ranging study confirms the
potential of BioVant to be used as part of a dose sparing, easier to administer, non-injected
vaccine.
In 2007, the FDA approved a bird flu vaccine developed by Sanofi-Aventis comprised of 90 micrograms
of H5N1 antigen per dose. Our BioVant vaccine candidate uses 3 micrograms of H5N1 antigen per dose
thereby providing a possible way to avoid vaccine shortages.
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Drug Delivery Systems. The third field of use in which we are exploring applying our CaP
technology involves creating novel and improved forms of delivery of drugs, especially proteins
(e.g., insulin). The attachment of drugs to CaP may enhance their effects in the body or enable
the addition of further protective coatings to permit oral, delayed-release and mucosal (through
mucous membranes) applications. Currently, insulin is given by frequent, inconvenient and often
painful injections. However, several companies are in the process of developing and testing
products that will deliver insulin orally or through inhalation. We have shown pre-clinical
efficacy in the oral delivery of insulin in normal and diabetic mouse models. In the oral insulin
mouse models in fasted mice, our proposed product, which we call BioOral, has shown an 80 percent
reduction of glucose levels within the first hour of treatment. These reduced glucose levels were
maintained for 12 hours versus 20-25 percent glucose reduction for three hours for free insulin.
In fed mouse models, our oral formulation reduced glucose levels by 50 percent for six hours versus
no significant reduction with free insulin.
Furthermore, we believe we may have created successfully a formulation for the inhaled delivery of
insulin, which we call BioAir. We also have conducted preclinical studies of our BioAir delivery
system for inhalable insulin. The studies showed that BioAir significantly increased the systemic
residence time and duration of action of the insulin, increasing the amount of insulin that became
available through the bloodstream (bioavailability) 1.8 times over that of injected insulin. The
results indicate that our CaP technology may extend the duration of action many times over that of
injecting insulin alone, which could allow diabetics to substantially reduce the number of
injections needed to control blood glucose levels.
Our research and development efforts in these areas are ongoing, testing insulin and other drugs
that must now be given by injection. We also are developing a buccal formulation for protein
delivery since buccal administration results in significantly higher bioavailability of proteins
and may be better suited to proteins than oral delivery. The discontinuation of the marketing by
Pfizer of Exubera, an inhaled insulin, points to the need for longer acting, lower dose inhaled
proteins.
License and Development Activities. In addition to continuing our own research and development in
the potential commercial applications of our CaP technology, we have sought and continue to seek
opportunities to enter into business collaborations or joint ventures with vaccine companies and
others interested in development and marketing arrangements with respect to our CaP technology. We
believe these collaborations may enable us to accelerate the development of potential improved
vaccines and the delivery of injectable drugs by other routes of administration, such as orally,
buccally, intranasally or through needle-free administration.
Our out-licensing activities with respect to our CaP vaccine adjuvant and delivery system for use
in other companies vaccines, have to date included meeting with target sub-licensees and, in some
cases, agreeing that the target sub-licensee will test our CaP adjuvant or delivery system in their
animal models. Thereafter, the target sub-licensee may send to us its vaccine antigen or DNA that
we will then formulate with our nanoparticles and return for use in the target sub-licensees
animal models. Once this is completed, if the results are positive, we would seek to negotiate an
out-license agreement with the target sub-licensee.
In September 2005, we signed a Material Transfer and Option Agreement for an exclusive option to
obtain an exclusive, worldwide license to use our CaP in the development of a series of allergy
products. The partner company will fund its development of potential products for the treatment of
conditions including rhinitis, asthma, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and allergic gastrointestinal
diseases. Under the terms of the agreement, we received a nonrefundable $250,000 upfront payment.
If the option is exercised and the parties enter into an exclusive license agreement, we will
receive a one-time license fee, annual maintenance payments, milestone payments upon the
achievement of regulatory milestones and royalties on commercial sales of any allergy product that
is developed using CaP.
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In December 2005, we were awarded a subcontract by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for the
development of recombinant Factor IX formulations for delivery via alternative routes of
administration. The year-to-year subcontract was awarded to us as part of the Universitys five
year $10.0 million grant entitled GMP Recombinant FIX for IV and Oral Hemophilia B Therapy from
the National Institutes of Health. We believe this subcontract leverages our expertise in
alternative routes of drug administration, specifically buccal and pulmonary administration using
our proprietary CaP BioOral and BioAir technologies.
It is important to point out that vaccine development is an expensive and long-term process. We
have used our strategy of utilizing primarily outside resources to fund CaPs development in order
to leverage the expertise of other companies and the United States government and to minimize our
spending on this expensive and long-term development work. Our strategic plan is to focus on our
hormone therapy products and to seek collaborations and funding for our CaP technology.
Sales and Marketing
We currently have no sales and marketing personnel to sell any of our products on a commercial
basis. Under our license and sublicense agreements, our licensee and sub-licensees have agreed to
market the products covered by the agreements in certain countries. For example, under our
sublicense agreement with Nycomed, Nycomed has agreed to use its best commercially reasonable
efforts to manufacture, market, sell and distribute Elestrin for commercial sale and distribution
throughout the United States. Nycomed commercially launched Elestrin in June 2007. As such, we
recognized royalty revenue based on a percentage of Nycomeds net sales of Elestrin during the year
ended December 31, 2007.
If and when we are ready to commercially launch a product not covered by our license or sublicense
agreements, we will either contract with or hire qualified sales and marketing personnel or seek a
joint marketing partner or licensee to assist us with this function.
Research and Product Development
We expect to spend a significant amount of our financial resources on product development
activities, with the largest portion being spent on clinical trials of our hormone therapy
products, including in particular LibiGel. We spent approximately $4.8 million in 2007 and $3.9
million in 2006 on research and development activities. We spent an average of approximately
$400,000 per month on our research and development activities during 2007. We expect our research
and development expenses potentially to be significantly higher in 2008 compared to 2007 as a
result of the initiation of our LibiGel Phase III clinical trial program. We expect our research
and development expenses to remain at the average 2007 levels until late in the first half of 2008,
when we expect them to increase to at least $800,000 to $1.0 million per month. The amount of our
actual research and development expenditures, however, may fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter and
year-to-year depending upon: (1) our development schedule, including the timing of our clinical
trials; (2) resources available; (3) results of studies, clinical trials and regulatory decisions;
(4) whether we or our licensees are funding the development of our products; and (5) competitive
developments.
Manufacturing
We currently do not have any facilities suitable for manufacturing on a commercial scale basis any
of our products nor do we have any experience in volume manufacturing. Our plan is to use
third-party current Good Manufacturing Practices, or cGMP, manufacturers to manufacture our
products in accordance with FDA and other appropriate regulations. Our gel hormone products for
use in clinical trials are currently
manufactured by an approved U.S.-based manufacturer under FDA-approved, cGMP conditions as is
Elestrin for commercial supplies.
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Patents, Licenses and Proprietary Rights
Our success depends and will continue to depend in part upon our ability to maintain our exclusive
licenses, to maintain patent protection for our products and processes, to preserve our proprietary
information and trade secrets and to operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third
parties. Our policy is to attempt to protect our technology by, among other things, filing patent
applications or obtaining license rights for technology that we consider important to the
development of our business.
Hormone Therapy Products. In June 2000, we entered into a license agreement with Antares Pharma,
Inc. pursuant to which Antares granted us an exclusive license to certain proposed hormone therapy
products including rights to sublicense the hormone therapy products, in order to develop and
market the hormone therapy products in certain territories. We are the exclusive licensee in our
territories for an Antares issued patent for these products in the United States and has filed
additional patent applications (several that include BioSante personnel as inventors) for this
licensed technology in the U.S. and several foreign jurisdictions. Our license agreement with
Antares required us to pay a $1.0 million up-front license fee to Antares and to pay royalties to
Antares based on a percentage of the net sales of any products we or our sublicensees, such as in
the case of Elestrin, Nycomed, sell incorporating the licensed technology.
In November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Nycomed for the marketing
of Elestrin in the United States. Upon execution of the agreement, we received an upfront payment
of $3.5 million. In addition, in 2007, Nycomed paid us an additional $10.5 million which was
triggered by FDA approval of Elestrin which occurred in the fourth quarter of 2006. We paid
Antares 25 percent of these payments as a result of our license agreement with Antares. Nycomed
also has agreed to pay us additional sales-based milestone payments, plus royalties on sales of
Elestrin. Nycomed commercially launched Elestrin in the U.S. in June 2007.
In December 2002, we entered into a development and license agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals
USA, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd., pursuant to which Teva
USA agreed to develop our male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, for the U.S. market. The financial
terms of the development and license agreement included a $1.5 million upfront payment by Teva USA
and royalties on sales of the product, if and when approved and marketed, in exchange for rights to
develop and market the product. Teva USA also is responsible under the terms of the agreement for
continued development, regulatory filings and all manufacturing and marketing associated with the
product. In 2005, we were notified that Teva USA had discontinued development of the product and
indicated to us a desire to formally terminate the agreement. In June 2007, we signed an amendment
to the agreement under which we and Teva reinitiated our collaboration on the development of the
product. There were no changes to the master license agreement in force at that time. Teva
withdrew its previous notice of its desire to terminate the agreement and reinitiated funding and
development of the product. Teva also agreed to pay us certain milestone payments plus royalties
on sales of the product, if and when commercialized. The product is owned by us with no royalty or
milestone obligations to any other party. Teva is responsible under the revised agreement for
continued development of the product, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings and
all manufacturing and marketing associated with the product.
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In August 2001, we entered into a sublicense agreement with Solvay Pharmaceuticals, B.V. covering
the U.S. and Canadian rights to the estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy
gel product licensed from Antares. Under the terms of the agreement, Solvay sublicenses our
estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product for an initial payment of
$2.5 million ($1.7 million net of the related payments due to Antares and Paladin Labs Inc.),
future milestone payments and escalating sales-based royalties. Solvay has been responsible for
all costs of development to date. We believe that the hormone therapy product licensed to Solvay
is not in active development by Solvay, and we do not expect its active development to occur at any
time in the near future.
In September 2000, we sublicensed the marketing rights to our portfolio of hormone therapy products
in Canada to Paladin Labs Inc. In exchange for the sublicense, Paladin agreed to make an initial
investment in our company, make future milestone payments and pay royalties on sales of the
products in Canada. The milestone payments are required to be in the form of a series of equity
investments by Paladin in our common stock at a 10 percent premium to the market price of our stock
at the time the equity investment is made.
In April 2002, we exclusively in-licensed from Wake Forest University Health Sciences (formerly
known as Wake Forest University) and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center three issued U.S. patents claiming
triple hormone therapy (the combination use of estrogen plus progestogen plus androgen, e.g.
testosterone) and obtained an option to license the patents for triple hormone contraception. In
July 2005, we exercised the option for an exclusive license for the three U.S. patents for triple
hormone contraception. The financial terms of this license include an upfront payment, regulatory
milestone payments, maintenance payments and royalty payments by us if a product incorporating the
licensed technology gets approved and subsequently marketed.
In May 2007, we announced that we sub-licensed the U.S. rights to a new triple hormone oral
contraceptive to Pantarhei Bioscience B.V. (Pantarhei), a Netherlands-based pharmaceutical company.
Pantarhei is responsible under the agreement for all expenses to develop and market the product.
We may receive certain development and regulatory milestones for the first product developed under
the license. In addition, we will receive royalty payments on any sales of the product in the
U.S., if and when approved and marketed. If the product is sublicensed by Pantarhei to another
company, we will receive a percentage of any and all payments received by Pantarhei for the
sublicense from a third party. We have retained all rights under our licensed patents to the
transdermal delivery of triple hormone contraceptives.
CaP Technology. In June 1997, we entered into a licensing agreement with the Regents of the
University of California, which has subsequently been amended, pursuant to which the University has
granted us an exclusive license to certain United States patents owned by the University, including
rights to sublicense such patents, in fields of use pertaining to vaccine adjuvants and drug
delivery systems. The expiration dates of these patents range from 2010 to 2014. In addition, we
own several patents and patent applications covering the technology expiring beginning in 2021.
The University of California also has filed patent applications for this licensed technology in
several foreign jurisdictions, including Canada, Europe and Japan. The license agreement requires
us to undertake various obligations, including the payment of royalties to the University based on
a percentage of the net sales of any products we sell or a licensee sells incorporating the
licensed technology and the payment of the costs of patent prosecution and maintenance of the
patents included in the agreement, which amounted to $0 and $8,236 in 2007 and 2006, respectively.
In September 2005, we signed a Material Transfer and Option Agreement for an exclusive option to
obtain an exclusive, worldwide license to use our CaP in the development of a series of allergy
products. The partner company will fund its development of potential products for the treatment of
conditions including rhinitis, asthma, conjunctivitis, dermatitis, and allergic gastrointestinal
diseases. Under the terms of the agreement, in September 2005, we received a nonrefundable
$250,000 upfront payment. If the option is exercised and the parties enter into an exclusive
license agreement, we will receive a one-
time license fee, annual maintenance payments, milestone payments upon the achievement of
regulatory milestones and royalties on commercial sales of any allergy product that is developed
using CaP.
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In December 2005, we were awarded a subcontract by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln for the
development of recombinant Factor IX formulations for delivery via alternative routes of
administration. The year-to-year subcontract was awarded to us as part of the Universitys five
year $10 million grant entitled GMP Recombinant FIX for IV and Oral Hemophilia B Therapy from the
National Institutes of Health. The first year of the subcontract was valued at approximately
$250,000, $75,000 for the second year and we have applied for $75,000 for the third year of the
contract. We believe this subcontract leverages our expertise in alternative routes of drug
administration, specifically buccal and pulmonary administration using our proprietary CaP BioOral
and BioAir technologies.
In February 2006, we signed an exclusive option and license agreement with Medical Aesthetics
Technology Corporation for the use of our CaP technology in the field of aesthetic medicine. In
November 2007, we signed a license agreement with MATC covering the use of our CaP as a facial
filler (BioLook) in aesthetic medicine. Under the license agreement, MATC is responsible for
continued development of BioLook, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings and all
manufacturing and marketing associated with the product. In exchange for this license, we have
taken an ownership position in MATC of about five percent. In addition to the ownership position,
we may receive certain milestone payments and royalties as well as share in certain payments if
MATC sublicenses the technology.
Patents and patent applications. We have licensed a patent portfolio relating to hormone therapy
from Antares Pharma, Inc. The expiration dates of these patents vary, ranging to 2022. The rights
to this portfolio are governed by our license agreement with Antares. Antares also has a number of
patent applications pending that we believe we would benefit from and would be the subject of our
license agreement with Antares.
In April 2007, we announced that a new patent had issued covering the formulations used in LibiGel
and Elestrin. The patent, which was issued on April 3, 2007 and covers both LibiGel and Elestrin,
will expire on June 25, 2022. This patent lists our Chief Executive Officer as an inventor of the
formulation.
With respect to our CaP technology, we own two United States patents and a number of non-U.S.
related patents and pending patent applications. We also have patent applications pending with the
U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and internationally relating to our development work with CaP,
including applications as a vaccine adjuvant, as a carrier for biologically active material, as a
controlled release matrix for biologically active material, and for other applications of our CaP
technology. We also have certain rights to several licensed patents from the University of
California, which are governed under our license agreement with the University of California.
Trademarks and trademark applications/registrations. We own trademark registrations in the U.S.
and/or in certain foreign jurisdictions for the marks BIOSANTE, LIBIGEL BIO-E-GEL and BIOAIR. In
addition, we have filed trademark applications for several other marks including ELESTRIN,
BIO-T-GEL BIOVANT and NANOVANT, covering goods that include or are closely related to hormone
therapy products, vaccines and vaccine adjuvants and drug delivery platforms. In addition, we own
common law rights to several trademarks, including BIOSANTE, LIBIGEL, ELESTRIN, BIO-E-GEL,
BIO-T-GEL, THE PILL-PLUS, LIBIGEL-E/T, BIO-E/P-GEL, BIOLOOK, CAP-ORAL, BIOVANT, BIOAIR, NANOVANT
and BIOAIR. For those trademarks for which registration has been sought, registrations have issued
for some of those trademarks in certain jurisdictions and others currently are in the
application/prosecution phase.
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Confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreements. We require our employees, consultants and
advisors having access to our confidential information to execute confidentiality agreements upon
commencement of their employment or consulting relationships with us. These agreements generally
provide that all confidential information we develop or make known to the individual during the
course of the individuals employment or consulting relationship with us must be kept confidential
by the individual and not disclosed to any third parties. We also require all of our employees and
consultants who perform research and development for us to execute agreements that generally
provide that all inventions conceived by these individuals during their employment by BioSante will
be our property.
Competition
There is intense competition in the biopharmaceutical industry, including in the hormone therapy
market, the market for prevention and/or treatment of the same infectious diseases we target and in
the acquisition of new products. Potential competitors in the United States are numerous and
include major pharmaceutical and specialized biotechnology companies, universities and other
institutions. In general, competition in the pharmaceutical industry can be divided into four
categories: (1) corporations with large research and developmental departments that develop and
market products in many therapeutic areas; (2) companies that have moderate research and
development capabilities and focus their product strategy on a small number of therapeutic areas;
(3) small companies with limited development capabilities and only a few product offerings; and
(4) university and other research institutions. All of our competitors in categories (1) and (2)
and some of our competitors in category (3) have longer operating histories, greater name
recognition, substantially greater financial resources and larger research and development staffs
than we do, as well as substantially greater experience than us in developing products, obtaining
regulatory approvals, and manufacturing and marketing pharmaceutical products. A significant
amount of research in the field is being carried out at academic and government institutions.
These institutions are becoming increasingly aware of the commercial value of their findings and
are becoming more aggressive in pursuing patent protection and negotiating licensing arrangements
to collect royalties for use of technology that they have developed.
There are several firms currently marketing or developing hormone therapy products similar to ours.
They include Upsher-Smith Laboratories, Inc., Noven Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Wyeth, Auxilium
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ascend Therapeutics, Inc., Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Solvay
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Competitor hormone therapy products include oral tablets, transdermal
patches and gels. We expect our FDA-approved product, Elestrin, and our other hormone therapy
products, if and when approved for sale, to compete primarily on the basis of product efficacy,
safety, patient convenience, reliability and patent position. In addition, the first product to
reach the market in a therapeutic or preventative area is often at a significant competitive
advantage relative to later entrants in the market and may result in certain marketing exclusivity
as per federal legislation. Acceptance by physicians and other health care providers, including
managed care groups, is also critical to the success of a product versus competitor products.
With regard to our CaP technology, the international vaccine industry is dominated by three
companies: GlaxoSmithKline plc, Sanofi-aventis (through its subsidiaries, including Institut
Merieux International S.A., Pasteur Merieux Serums et Vaccins, S.A., Connaught Laboratories Limited
and Connaught Laboratories, Inc.) and Merck & Co., Inc. The larger, better known pharmaceutical
companies have generally focused on a traditional synthetic drug approach, although some have
substantial expertise in biotechnology. During the last decade, however, significant research
activity in the biotechnology industry has been completed by smaller research and development
companies, like us, formed to pursue new technologies.
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Governmental Regulation
Pharmaceutical companies are subject to extensive regulation by national, state and local agencies
in countries in which they do business. Pharmaceutical products intended for therapeutic use in
humans are governed by extensive FDA regulations in the United States and by comparable regulations
in foreign countries. Any products developed by us will require FDA approvals in the United States
and comparable approvals in foreign markets before they can be marketed. The process of seeking
and obtaining FDA approval for a previously unapproved new human pharmaceutical product generally
requires a number of years and involves the expenditure of substantial resources.
Following drug discovery, the steps required before a drug product may be marketed in the United
States include:
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completion of preclinical laboratory and animal testing; |
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the submission to the FDA of an investigational new drug application, commonly known as an
IND application, which must be evaluated and found acceptable by the FDA before human clinical
trials may commence; |
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the completion of clinical and other studies to assess safety and parameters of use; |
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the completion of multiple adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish
the safety and effectiveness of the drug product for its intended use; |
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the submission to the FDA of a new drug application, commonly known as an NDA, or an
abbreviated NDA, commonly known as an ANDA; |
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satisfactory completion of an FDA pre-approval inspection of manufacturing facilities at
which the drug product is produced, and potentially other involved facilities as well, to
assess compliance with current good manufacturing practice, or cGMP, regulations and other
applicable regulations; and |
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FDA approval of the NDA prior to any commercial sale or shipment of the product. |
Pre-Clinical Studies and Clinical Trials. Typically, preclinical studies are conducted in the
laboratory and in animals to gain preliminary information on a proposed products uses and
physiological effects and harmful effects, if any, and to identify any potential safety problems
that would preclude testing in humans. The results of these studies, together with the general
investigative plan, protocols for specific human studies and other information, are submitted to
the FDA as part of the IND application. The FDA regulations do not, by their terms, require FDA
approval of an IND. Rather, they allow a clinical investigation to commence if the FDA does not
notify the sponsor to the contrary within 30 days of receipt of the IND. As a practical matter,
however, FDA approval is often sought before a company commences clinical investigations. That
approval may come within 30 days of IND receipt but may involve substantial delays if the FDA
requests additional information.
Our submission of an IND, or those of our collaboration partners, may not result in FDA
authorization to commence a clinical trial. A separate submission to an existing IND must also be
made for each successive clinical trial conducted during product development. Depending on its
significance, the FDA also must approve changes to an existing IND. Further, an independent
institutional review board, or IRB, for each medical center proposing to conduct the clinical trial
must review and approve the plan for any clinical trial before it commences at that center and it
must monitor the study until completed. Alternatively, a central IRB may be used instead of
individual IRBs. The FDA, the IRB or the sponsor
may suspend a clinical trial at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the subjects
or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. Clinical testing also must satisfy
extensive Good Clinical Practice requirements and regulations for informed consent.
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The sponsor of a drug product typically conducts human clinical trials in three sequential phases,
but the phases may overlap or not all phases may be necessary. The initial phase of clinical
testing, which is known as Phase I, is conducted to evaluate the metabolism, uses and physiological
effects of the experimental product in humans, the side effects associated with increasing doses,
and, if possible, to gain early evidence of possible effectiveness. Phase I studies can also
evaluate various routes, dosages and schedules of product administration. These studies generally
involve a small number of healthy volunteer subjects, but may be conducted in people with the
disease the product is intended to treat. The total number of subjects is generally in the range
of 20 to 80. A demonstration of therapeutic benefit is not required in order to complete Phase I
trials successfully. If acceptable product safety is demonstrated, Phase II trials may be
initiated.
Phase II trials are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the product in the treatment of a
given disease and involve people with the disease under study. These trials often are well
controlled, closely monitored studies involving a relatively small number of subjects, usually no
more than several hundred. The optimal routes, dosages and schedules of administration are
determined in these studies. If Phase II trials are completed successfully, Phase III trials are
often commenced, although Phase III trials are not always required.
Phase III trials are expanded, controlled trials that are performed after preliminary evidence of
the effectiveness of the experimental product has been obtained. These trials are intended to
gather the additional information about safety and effectiveness that is needed to evaluate the
overall risk/benefit relationship of the experimental product and provide the substantial evidence
of effectiveness and the evidence of safety necessary for product approval. Phase III trials are
usually conducted with several hundred to several thousand subjects.
A clinical trial may combine the elements of more than one phase and typically two or more Phase
III studies are required. A companys designation of a clinical trial as being of a particular
phase is not necessarily indicative that the trial will be sufficient to satisfy the FDA
requirements of that phase because this determination cannot be made until the protocol and data
have been submitted to and reviewed by the FDA. In addition, a clinical trial may contain elements
of more than one phase notwithstanding the designation of the trial as being of a particular phase.
The FDA closely monitors the progress of the phases of clinical testing and may, at its
discretion, re-evaluate, alter, suspend or terminate the testing based on the data accumulated and
its assessment of the risk/benefit ratio to patients. It is not possible to estimate with any
certainty the time required to complete Phase I, II and III studies with respect to a given
product.
New Drug Applications. Upon the successful completion of clinical testing, an NDA is submitted to
the FDA for approval. This application requires detailed data on the results of preclinical
testing, clinical testing and the composition of the product, specimen labeling to be used with the
drug, information on manufacturing methods and samples of the product. The FDA reviews all NDAs
submitted before it accepts them for filing and may request additional information rather than
accepting an NDA for filing. Once the submission is accepted for filing, the FDA begins an in-depth
review of the NDA. Under the policies agreed to by the FDA under the Prescription Drug User Fee
Act, or PDUFA, the FDA has 10 months in which to complete its initial review of a standard NDA and
respond to the applicant. The review process and the PDUFA goal date may be extended by three
months if the FDA requests or the NDA sponsor otherwise provides additional information or
clarification regarding information already provided in the submission within the last three months
of the PDUFA goal date. The FDA typically takes
from 10 to 18 months to review an NDA after it has been accepted for filing. Following its review
of an NDA, the FDA invariably raises questions or requests additional information. The NDA
approval process can, accordingly, be very lengthy. Further, there is no assurance that the FDA
will ultimately approve an NDA.
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During its review of an NDA, the FDA may refer the application to an advisory committee for review,
evaluation and recommendation as to whether the application should be approved. The FDA may refuse
to approve an NDA and issue a not approvable letter if the applicable regulatory criteria are not
satisfied, or it may require additional clinical or other data, including one or more additional
pivotal Phase III clinical trials. Even if such data are submitted, the FDA may ultimately decide
that the NDA does not satisfy the criteria for approval. Data from clinical trials are not always
conclusive and the FDA may interpret data differently than we or our collaboration partners
interpret data. If the FDAs evaluations of the NDA and the clinical and manufacturing procedures
and facilities are favorable, the FDA may issue either an approval letter or an approvable letter,
which contains the conditions that must be met in order to secure final approval of the NDA. If and
when those conditions have been met to the FDAs satisfaction, the FDA will issue an approval
letter, authorizing commercial marketing of the drug for certain indications. The FDA may withdraw
drug approval if ongoing regulatory requirements are not met or if safety problems occur after the
drug reaches the market. In addition, the FDA may require testing, including Phase IV clinical
trials, and surveillance programs to monitor the effect of approved products that have been
commercialized, and the FDA has the power to prevent or limit further marketing of a drug based on
the results of these post-marketing programs. Drugs may be marketed only for the FDA-approved
indications and in accordance with the FDA-approved label. Further, if there are any modifications
to the drug, including changes in indications, other labeling changes, or manufacturing processes
or facilities, we may be required to submit and obtain FDA approval of a new NDA or NDA supplement,
which may require us to develop additional data or conduct additional preclinical studies and
clinical trials.
Special Protocol Assessments. The special protocol assessment, or SPA, process generally involves
FDA evaluation of a proposed Phase III clinical trial protocol and a commitment from the FDA that
the design and analysis of the trial are adequate to support approval of an NDA, if the trial is
performed according to the SPA and meets its endpoints. The FDAs guidance on the SPA process
indicates that SPAs are designed to evaluate individual clinical trial protocols primarily in
response to specific questions posed by the sponsors. In practice, the sponsor of a product
candidate may request an SPA for proposed Phase III trial objectives, designs, clinical endpoints
and analyses. A request for an SPA is submitted in the form of a separate amendment to an IND, and
the FDAs evaluation generally will be completed within a 45-day review period under applicable
PDUFA goals, provided that the trials have been the subject of discussion at an end-of-Phase II and
pre-Phase III meeting with the FDA, or in other limited cases.
If an agreement is reached, the FDA will reduce the agreement to writing and make it part of the
administrative record. While the FDAs guidance on SPAs states that documented SPAs should be
considered binding on the review division, the FDA has the latitude to change its assessment if
certain exceptions apply. Exceptions include identification of a substantial scientific issue
essential to safety or efficacy testing that later comes to light, a sponsors failure to follow
the protocol agreed upon, or the FDAs reliance on data, assumptions or information that are
determined to be wrong.
In January 2008, we announced that we successfully completed and reached agreement with the FDA
under the SPA process for our Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials for LibiGel in the
treatment of FSD, specifically, hypoactive sexual desire disorder.
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The Hatch-Waxman Act. Under the Hatch-Waxman Act, newly-approved drugs and new conditions of use
may benefit from a statutory period of non-patent marketing exclusivity. The Hatch-Waxman Act
provides three years of marketing exclusivity for the approval of new and supplemental NDAs for,
among other things, new indications, dosages or strengths of an existing drug, if new clinical
investigations that were conducted or sponsored by the applicant are essential to the approval of
the application. It is under this provision that we received three years marketing exclusivity for
Elestrin.
Other Regulatory Requirements. Regulations continue to apply to pharmaceutical products after FDA
approval occurs. Post-marketing safety surveillance is required in order to continue to market an
approved product. The FDA also may, in its discretion, require post-marketing testing and
surveillance to monitor the effects of approved products or place conditions on any approvals that
could restrict the commercial applications of these products.
All facilities and manufacturing techniques used to manufacture products for clinical use or sale
in the United States must be operated in conformity with current good manufacturing practice
regulations, commonly referred to as cGMP regulations, which govern the production of
pharmaceutical products. We currently do not have any manufacturing capability. In the event we
undertake any manufacturing activities or contract with a third-party manufacturer to perform our
manufacturing activities, we intend to establish a quality control and quality assurance program to
ensure that our products are manufactured in accordance with the cGMP regulations and any other
applicable regulations.
Foreign Regulation. Products marketed outside of the United States are subject to regulatory
approval requirements similar to those in the United States, although the requirements governing
the conduct of clinical trials, product licensing, pricing and reimbursement vary widely from
country to country. No action can be taken to market any product in a country until an appropriate
application has been approved by the regulatory authorities in that country. The current approval
process varies from country to country, and the time spent in gaining approval varies from that
required for FDA approval. In certain European countries, the sales price of a product must also
be approved. The pricing review period often begins after market approval is granted. We intend
to seek and utilize foreign partners to apply for foreign approvals of our products.
Employees
We had 11 employees as of December 31, 2007, including seven in product development and four in
management or administrative positions. None of our employees is covered by a collective
bargaining agreement. We also engage independent contractors from time to time. As of February
29, 2008, we had 16 employees and we expect this number to increase to about 20 by the end of the
first quarter.
Forward-Looking Statements
This annual report on Form 10-K contains or incorporates by reference not only historical
information, but also forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, and are subject to the safe harbor created by those sections. In addition, we or others
on our behalf may make forward-looking statements from time to time in oral presentations,
including telephone conferences and/or web casts open to the public, in press releases or reports,
on our Internet web site or otherwise. All statements other than statements of historical facts
included in this report that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or
anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements including, in particular,
the statements about our plans, objectives, strategies and prospects regarding, among other things,
our financial condition, results of operations and business. We
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have identified some of these
forward-looking statements with words like believe, may, could, might, possible,
potential, project, will, should, expect, intend, plan, predict, anticipate,
estimate, approximate, contemplate or continue and other words and terms of similar
meaning. These forward-looking
statements may be contained in the notes to our financial statements and elsewhere in this report,
including under the caption Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and
Results of Operation. Our forward-looking statements generally relate to:
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the timing of the commencement, enrollment and completion of our clinical trials and other
regulatory status of our proposed products; |
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the future market and market acceptance of our products; |
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our spending capital on research and development programs, pre-clinical studies and
clinical trials, regulatory processes, establishment of marketing capabilities and licensure
or acquisition of new products; |
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whether and how long our existing cash will be sufficient to fund our operations; |
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our need and ability to raise additional capital through future equity and other
financings; |
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our substantial and continuing losses; and |
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valuation, expected returns and ability to liquidate investments in our investment
portfolios based on risks affecting underlying securities or the markets in which they are
bought and sold. |
Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. These uncertainties include factors
that affect all businesses as well as matters specific to us. Some of the factors known to us that
could cause our actual results to differ materially from what we have anticipated in our
forward-looking statements are described under the heading Item 1A. Risk Factors below.
We wish to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement that speaks
only as of the date made and to recognize that forward-looking statements are predictions of future
results, which may not occur as anticipated. Actual results could differ materially from those
anticipated in the forward-looking statements and from historical results, due to the risks and
uncertainties described under the heading Item 1A. Risk Factors below, as well as others that we
may consider immaterial or do not anticipate at this time. Although we believe that the
expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not know whether our
expectations will prove correct. Our expectations reflected in our forward-looking statements can
be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties,
including those described below under the heading Item 1A. Risk Factors. The risks and
uncertainties described under the heading Item 1A. Risk Factors below are not exclusive and
further information concerning us and our business, including factors that potentially could
materially affect our financial results or condition, may emerge from time to time. We assume no
obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect actual results or changes in factors or
assumptions affecting such forward-looking statements. We advise you, however, to consult any
further disclosures we make on related subjects in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current
reports on Form 8-K we file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Available Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 111 Barclay Boulevard, Lincolnshire, Illinois 60069.
Our telephone number is (847) 478-0500, and our Internet web site address is
www.biosantepharma.com. The information contained on our web site or connected to our web site is
not incorporated by reference into and should not be considered part of this annual report on
Form 10-K.
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We make available, free of charge and through our Internet web site, our annual reports on Form
10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to any such
reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material
with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We also make available, free of charge and through our Internet
web site, to any stockholder who requests, our corporate governance guidelines, the charters of our
board committees and our Code of Conduct and Ethics. Requests for copies can be directed to
Investor Relations at (847) 478-0500, extension 120.
Item 1A. RISK FACTORS
The following are significant risk factors known to us that could materially adversely affect our
business, financial condition or operating results.
We have a history of operating losses, expect continuing losses and may never again achieve
profitability.
We have a history of operating losses. We incurred a net loss of $7.6 million for the year ended
December 31, 2007 and as of December 31, 2007, our accumulated deficit was $54.5 million. All of
our revenue to date has been derived from upfront and milestone payments earned on licensing and
sub-licensing transactions, revenue earned from subcontracts with various parties and royalty
revenue generated by our marketing licensee, Nycomed, who commercially launched Elestrin in June
2007. We expect to incur substantial and continuing losses for the foreseeable future as our own
product development programs expand and various preclinical and clinical trials commence or
continue, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for LibiGel. The amount of
these losses may vary significantly from year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter and will depend on,
among other factors:
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the progress, timing, cost and results of our preclinical and clinical development
programs, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for LibiGel, and our
other product development efforts; |
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the timing and cost of obtaining necessary regulatory approvals for our proposed products; |
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the commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we receive royalties and
potentially may receive sales-based milestones; |
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the timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our products; and |
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the progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to implement business
collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other business combinations or transactions with
entities that have businesses or technologies complementary to our business. |
In order to generate new and significant revenues, we successfully must develop our own proposed
products and enter into collaborative agreements with others who successfully can commercialize
them. Even if our proposed products and the products we may license or otherwise acquire are
introduced commercially, they may never achieve market acceptance and we may not generate
additional revenues or achieve profitability in future years.
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We will need to raise substantial additional capital in the future to fund our operations and we
may be unable to raise such funds when needed and on acceptable terms.
We currently do not have sufficient resources to obtain regulatory approval of our proposed
products or to complete the commercialization of any of our proposed products. We expect the Phase
III clinical trial program of LibiGel to require significant resources. Therefore, we may need to
raise substantial additional capital to fund our operations. We believe that our cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investments of $30.7 million at December 31, 2007 will be sufficient to
meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for at least the next
18 months, and if we are unable to liquidate our auction rate securities, through at least the next
12 months. However, we may resort to seeking additional financing prior to that time. As an
alternative to raising additional financing, we may be able to license LibiGel to a third party who
would finance the continued development and if approved, commercialization of LibiGel. Our future
capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including:
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the progress, timing, cost and results of our preclinical and clinical development
programs, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for LibiGel, and our
other product development efforts; |
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patient recruitment and enrollment in our current and future clinical trials; |
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the cost, timing and outcome of regulatory reviews of our proposed products; |
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the commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we receive royalties and
potentially may receive sales-based milestones; |
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the timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our products; |
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the progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to implement business
collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other business combinations or transactions with
entities that have businesses or technologies complementary to our business. |
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our ability to license LibiGel or other products for development and commercialization; |
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the rate of technological advances; |
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ongoing determinations of the potential commercial success of our proposed products; |
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our general and administrative expenses; |
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the activities of our competitors; and |
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our opportunities to acquire new products or take advantage of other unanticipated
opportunities. |
We cannot be certain that any financing will be available when needed or will be on terms
acceptable to us. Insufficient funds may require us to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all
of our programs designed to obtain regulatory approval of our proposed products, or restrict us
from acquiring new products that we believe may be beneficial to our business.
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Our proposed products are in the development stages and will likely not be commercially introduced
for several years, if at all.
Our proposed products are in the development stages and will require further development,
preclinical and clinical testing and investment prior to commercialization in the United States and
abroad. Other than Elestrin, which was commercially introduced in June 2007 by our marketing
licensee, Nycomed, none of our products have been introduced commercially nor do we expect them to
be for several years. Some of our products are not in active development. For example, at this
time, we believe that our estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product
sublicensed to Solvay is not in active development by Solvay, and we do not expect its active
development to occur at any time in the near future. We cannot assure you that any of our proposed
products will:
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be successfully developed; |
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prove to be safe and effective in clinical trials; |
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meet applicable regulatory standards or obtain required regulatory approvals; |
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demonstrate substantial protective or therapeutic benefits in the prevention or treatment
of any disease; |
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be capable of being produced in commercial quantities at reasonable costs; |
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obtain coverage and favorable reimbursement rates from insurers and other third-party
payors; or |
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be successfully marketed or achieve market acceptance by physicians and patients. |
If we fail to obtain regulatory approval to commercially manufacture or sell any of our future
products, or if approval is delayed or withdrawn, we will be unable to generate revenue from the
sale of our products.
We must obtain regulatory approval to sell any of our products in the United States and abroad. In
the United States, we must obtain the approval of the FDA for each product or drug that we intend
to commercialize. The FDA approval process is typically lengthy and expensive, and approval is
never certain. Products to be commercialized abroad are subject to similar foreign government
regulation.
Generally, only a very small percentage of newly discovered pharmaceutical products that enter
preclinical development are approved for sale. Because of the risks and uncertainties in
biopharmaceutical development, our proposed products could take a significantly longer time to gain
regulatory approval than we expect or may never gain approval. If regulatory approval is delayed
or never obtained, our managements credibility, the value of our company and our operating results
and liquidity would be adversely affected. Furthermore, even if a product gains regulatory
approval, the product and the manufacturer of the product may be subject to continuing regulatory
review. Even after obtaining regulatory approval, we may be restricted or prohibited from
marketing or manufacturing a product if previously unknown problems with the product or its
manufacture are subsequently discovered. The FDA may also require us to commit to perform lengthy
post-approval studies, for which we would have to expend significant additional resources, which
could have an adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition.
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To obtain regulatory approval to market our products, costly and lengthy pre-clinical studies and
human clinical trials are required, and the results of the studies and trials are highly uncertain.
As part of the
FDA approval process, we must conduct, at our own expense or the expense of current or potential
licensees, clinical trials on humans on each of our proposed products. Pre-clinical studies on
animals must be conducted on some of our proposed products. We expect the number of pre-clinical
studies and human clinical trials that the FDA will require will vary depending on the product, the
disease or condition the product is being developed to address and regulations applicable to the
particular product. We may need to perform multiple pre-clinical studies using various doses and
formulations before we can begin human clinical trials, which could result in delays in our ability
to market any of our products. Furthermore, even if we obtain favorable results in pre-clinical
studies on animals, the results in humans may be different.
After we have conducted pre-clinical studies in animals, we must demonstrate that our products are
safe and effective for use on the target human patients in order to receive regulatory approval for
commercial sale. The data obtained from pre-clinical and human clinical testing are subject to
varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. We face the risk
that the results of our clinical trials in later phases of clinical trials may be inconsistent with
those obtained in earlier phases. A number of companies in the biopharmaceutical industry have
suffered significant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after experiencing promising
results in early animal or human testing. Adverse or inconclusive human clinical results would
prevent us from filing for regulatory approval of our products. Additional factors that can cause
delay or termination of our human clinical trials include:
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slow patient enrollment; |
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timely completion of clinical site protocol approval and obtaining informed consent from
subjects; |
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longer treatment time required to demonstrate efficacy or safety; |
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adverse medical events or side effects in treated patients; and |
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lack of effectiveness of the product being tested. |
Delays in our clinical trials could allow our competitors additional time to develop or market
competing products and thus can be extremely costly in terms of lost sales opportunities and
increased clinical trial costs.
Although we successfully have completed and reached agreement with the FDA under the Special
Protocol Assessment process for our Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials for LibiGel, we
still may not obtain FDA approval of LibiGel within a reasonable period of time or ever, which
would harm our business and likely decrease our stock price.
We anticipate that LibiGel if approved by the FDA, could be a very successful product. However,
LibiGel has not been approved for marketing by the FDA and is still subject to risks associated
with its clinical development and obtaining regulatory approval. We believe based on FDA
discussions, meetings and agreements, including a Special Protocol Assessment received in January
2008, that two Phase III safety and efficacy trials and one year of LibiGel exposure in a separate
safety study with a four-year follow-up post-NDA filing and potentially post-FDA approval are the
essential requirements for submission and, if successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for
LibiGel. In January 2008, we announced that we successfully completed and reached agreement with
the FDA under the Special Protocol Assessment process for our Phase III safety and efficacy
clinical trials for LibiGel in the treatment of FSD, specifically, hypoactive sexual desire
disorder. The SPA process and agreement affirms that the FDA agrees that the LibiGel Phase III
clinical trial design, clinical endpoints, sample size, planned conduct and statistical analyses
are acceptable to support regulatory approval. Further, it provides assurance that these agreed measures will serve
as the
26
basis for regulatory review and the
decision by the FDA to approve an NDA for LibiGel. The SPA agreement covers the pivotal Phase III
safety and efficacy trials of LibiGel in the treatment of FSD. The SPA agreement,
however, is not a guarantee of LibiGel approval by the FDA or approval of any permissible claims
about LibiGel. In particular, it is not binding on the FDA if previously unrecognized public health
concerns later comes to light, other new scientific concerns regarding product safety or
effectiveness arise, we fail to comply with the protocol agreed upon, or the FDAs reliance on
data, assumptions or information are determined to be wrong. Even after an SPA agreement is
finalized, the SPA agreement may be changed by us or the FDA on written agreement of both parties,
and the FDA retains significant latitude and discretion in interpreting the terms of the SPA
agreement and the data and results from any study that is the subject of the SPA agreement. In
addition, the data obtained from clinical trials are susceptible to varying interpretations, which
could delay, limit or prevent FDA regulatory approval.
Delays in the completion of these clinical trials, which can result from unforeseen issues, FDA
interventions, problems with enrolling patients and other reasons, could significantly delay
commercial launch and affect our product development costs. Moreover, results from these clinical
studies may not be as favorable as the results we obtained in prior, completed studies. We cannot
ensure that, even after extensive clinical trials, regulatory approval will ever be obtained for
LibiGel.
Uncertainties associated with the impact of published studies regarding the adverse health effects
of certain forms of hormone therapy could adversely affect the market for hormone therapy products
and the trading price of our common stock.
The market for hormone therapy products has been affected negatively by the Womens Health
Initiative study and other studies that have found that the overall health risks from the use of
certain hormone therapy products exceed the benefits from the use of those products among healthy
postmenopausal women. In July 2002, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) released data from its
Womens Health Initiative (WHI) study on the risks and benefits associated with long-term use of
oral hormone therapy by healthy women. The NIH announced that it was discontinuing the arm of the
study investigating the use of oral estrogen/progestin combination hormone therapy products after
an average follow-up period of 5.2 years because the product used in the study was shown to cause
an increase in the risk of invasive breast cancer. The study also found an increased risk of
stroke, heart attacks and blood clots and concluded that overall health risks exceeded benefits
from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average of 5.2 year follow-up among healthy
postmenopausal women. Also in July 2002, results of an observational study sponsored by the
National Cancer Institute on the effects of estrogen therapy were announced. The main finding of
the study was that postmenopausal women who used estrogen therapy for 10 or more years had a higher
risk of developing ovarian cancer than women who never used hormone therapy. In October 2002, a
significant hormone therapy study being conducted in the United Kingdom was also halted. Our
hormone therapy products differ from the products used in the Womens Health Initiative study and
the primary products observed in the National Cancer Institute and United Kingdom studies. In
March 2004, the NIH announced that the estrogen-alone study was discontinued after nearly seven
years because the NIH concluded that estrogen alone does not affect (either increase or decrease)
heart disease, the major question being evaluated in the study. The findings indicated a slightly
increased risk of stroke as well as a decreased risk of hip fracture and breast cancer.
Preliminary data from the memory portion of the WHI study suggested that estrogen alone may
possibly be associated with a slight increase in the risk of dementia or mild cognitive impairment.
Researchers continue to analyze data from both arms of the WHI study and other studies. Recent
reports indicate that the safety of estrogen products may be affected by the age of the woman at
initiation of therapy. There currently are no studies published comparing the safety of our
hormone therapy products against other hormone therapies. The markets for female hormone therapies
for menopausal symptoms
have declined as a result of these published studies. The release of any follow-up or other
studies that show adverse affects from hormone therapy, including in particular, hormone therapies
similar to our products, would also adversely affect our business.
27
We entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Bradley Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the
marketing of Elestrin in the United States as a result of which we are dependent upon Bradley for
the marketing and sale of our Elestrin product.
In November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Bradley Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. for the marketing of Elestrin in the United States pursuant to which we received an upfront
license payment, certain regulatory milestone payments and have the right to receive certain
sales-based milestone payments, plus royalties on sales of Elestrin. As a result of this
agreement, Elestrin is subject to not only general market acceptance of the product, but also the
success of Bradley in marketing and selling the product. Bradley commercially launched Elestrin in
June 2007. We recognized $69,353 in royalty revenue from the sales of Elestrin during the year
ended December 31, 2007 which represents the gross royalty revenue received from Bradley and not
our corresponding obligation to pay Antares a portion of the royalties received. We, therefore,
have not received any meaningful royalty revenue from the sale of Elestrin and we do not know when
if ever, Bradleys Elestrin sales will result in significant royalty revenue to us. Effective
February 21, 2008, Nycomed US Inc. completed its acquisition of Bradley. As a result, all
references to Bradley have been changed to Nycomed in this report. Although we have no reason to
believe that the acquisition of Bradley will adversely affect its desire to continue to be our
exclusive sublicensee for Elestrin or adversely affect Nycomeds future sales of Elestrin, no
assurance can be provided that the acquisition will not have such an adverse effect. We cannot
assure you that Nycomed will remain focused on the commercialization of Elestrin or will not
otherwise breach the terms of our agreement, especially if Nycomeds Elestrin sales do not increase
significantly. Any breach by Nycomed of its obligations under our agreement or a termination of
the agreement could adversely affect the success of Elestrin if we are unable to sublicense the
product to another party on substantially the same or better terms or continue the future
commercialization of the product ourselves.
We license the technology underlying most of our hormone therapy products and a portion of our CaP
technology from third parties and may lose the rights to license them, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business, financial position and operating results and could cause the market
value of our common stock to decline.
We license most of the technology underlying our hormone therapy products from Antares Pharma, Inc.
and a portion of our CaP technology from the University of California. We may lose our right to
license these technologies if we breach our obligations under the license agreements. Although we
intend to use our reasonable best efforts to meet these obligations, if we violate or fail to
perform any term or covenant of the license agreements or with respect to the University of
Californias license agreement within 60 days after written notice from the University of
California, the other party to these agreements may terminate these agreements or certain projects
contained in these agreements. The termination of these agreements, however, will not relieve us
of our obligation to pay any royalty or license fees owed at the time of termination. Our failure
to retain the right to license the technology underlying our proposed hormone therapy products or
CaP technology could harm our business and future operating results. For example, if we were to
enter into an sublicense agreement with a third party under which we agree to sublicense our
hormone therapy technology or CaP technology for a license fee, the termination of the main license
agreement with Antares Pharma, Inc. or the University of California could either, depending upon
the terms of the sublicense agreement, cause us to breach our obligations under the sublicense
agreement or give the other party a right to terminate that agreement, thereby causing us to lose
future revenue generated by the sublicense fees.
28
We have licensed some of our hormone therapy products to third parties and any breach by these
parties of their obligations under these sublicense agreements or a termination of these sublicense
agreements by these parties could adversely affect the development and marketing of our licensed
products. In addition, these third parties also may compete with us with respect to some of our
proposed products.
We have licensed some of our hormone therapy product to third parties, Nycomed, Solvay
Pharmaceuticals, B.V., Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc. and Pantarhei Bioscience B.V. All of these
parties, except for Nycomed, have agreed to be responsible for continued development, regulatory
filings and manufacturing and marketing associated with the products. In addition, we may in the
future enter into additional similar license agreements. Our products that we have licensed to
others are thus subject to not only customary and inevitable uncertainties associated with the drug
development process, regulatory approvals and market acceptance of products, but also depend on the
respective licensees for timely development, obtaining required regulatory approvals,
commercialization and otherwise continued commitment to the products. Our current and future
licensees may have different and, sometimes, competing priorities. We cannot assure you that our
partners or any future third party to whom we may license our proposed products will remain focused
on the development and commercialization of our partnered products or will not otherwise breach the
terms of our agreements with them, especially since these third parties may also compete with us
with respect to some of our proposed products. For example, at this time, we believe that our
estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product licensed to Solvay is not
in active development by Solvay, and we do not expect its active development to occur at any time
in the near future. As an additional example, in 2005, we were notified that Teva USA had
discontinued development of our male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, product and indicated to us a
desire to formally terminate the agreement. Although in June 2007, we signed an amendment to the
agreement under which we and Teva reinitiated our collaboration on the development of Bio-T-Gel for
the U.S. market and Teva withdrew its previous notice of its desire to terminate the agreement and
reinitiated funding and development of the product, prior to such time, no third party was
developing our Bio-T-Gel. Any future breach of this agreement by Teva or any other breach by our
partners or any other third party of their obligations under these agreements or a termination of
these agreements by these parties could adversely affect development of the products in these
agreements if we are unable to sublicense the proposed products to another party on substantially
the same or better terms or continue the development and future commercialization of the proposed
products ourselves.
Elestrin, which is FDA approved, and our other proposed products, if they receive FDA approval, may
not achieve expected levels of market acceptance, which could have a material adverse effect on our
business, financial position and operating results and could cause the market value of our common
stock to decline.
The commercial success of our FDA-approved product, Elestrin, and our other proposed products, if
they receive the required regulatory approvals, is dependent upon market acceptance by physicians
and patients. Levels of market acceptance for our products could be impacted by several factors,
including:
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the availability of alternative products from competitors; |
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the price of our products relative to that of our competitors; |
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the timing of market entry; and |
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the ability to market our products effectively. |
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Some of these factors are not within our control, especially if we have transferred all of the
marketing rights associated with the product, as we have with Elestrin to Nycomed. Elestrin and
our proposed products may not achieve expected levels of market acceptance. Additionally,
continuing studies of the proper utilization, safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical products are
being conducted by the industry, government agencies and others. Such studies, which increasingly
employ sophisticated methods and techniques, can call into question the utilization, safety and
efficacy of previously marketed products. In some cases, these studies have resulted, and may in
the future result, in the discontinuance of product marketing. These situations, should they
occur, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position and results of
operations, and the market value of our common stock could decline.
Because our industry is very competitive and many of our competitors have substantially greater
capital resources and more experience in research and development, manufacturing and marketing than
us, we may not succeed in developing our proposed products and bringing them to market.
Competition in the pharmaceutical industry is intense. Potential competitors in the United States
and abroad are numerous and include pharmaceutical, chemical and biotechnology companies, most of
which have substantially greater capital resources and more experience in research and development,
manufacturing and marketing than us. Academic institutions, hospitals, governmental agencies and
other public and private research organizations are also conducting research and seeking patent
protection and may develop and commercially introduce competing products or technologies on their
own or through joint ventures. We cannot assure you that our competitors, some of whom are our
development collaborators, will not succeed in developing similar technologies and products more
rapidly than we do, commercially introducing such technologies and products to the marketplace
prior to us, or that these competing technologies and products will not be more effective or
successful than any of those that we currently are developing or will develop.
Because the pharmaceutical industry is heavily regulated, we face significant costs and
uncertainties associated with our efforts to comply with applicable regulations. Should we fail to
comply, we could experience material adverse effects on our business, financial position and
results of operations, and the market value of our common stock could decline.
The pharmaceutical industry is subject to regulation by various federal and state governmental
authorities. For example, we must comply with FDA requirements with respect to the development of
our proposed products and our clinical trials, and if any of our proposed products are approved,
the manufacture, labeling, sale, distribution, marketing, advertising and promotion of our
products. Failure to comply with FDA and other governmental regulations can result in fines,
disgorgement, unanticipated compliance expenditures, recall or seizure of products, total or
partial suspension of production and/or distribution, suspension of the FDAs review of NDAs,
enforcement actions, injunctions and criminal prosecution. Under certain circumstances, the FDA
also has the authority to revoke previously granted drug approvals. Despite our efforts at
compliance, there is no guarantee that we may not be deemed to be deficient in some manner in the
future. If we were deemed to be deficient in any significant way, our business, financial position
and results of operations could be materially affected and the market value of our common stock
could decline.
If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology, we may not be able to compete as
effectively.
The pharmaceutical industry places considerable importance on obtaining patent and trade secret
protection for new technologies, products and processes. Our success will depend, in part, upon
our ability to obtain, enjoy and enforce protection for any products we develop or acquire under
United States and foreign patent laws and other intellectual property laws, preserve the
confidentiality of our trade secrets and operate without infringing the proprietary rights of third
parties.
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Where appropriate, we seek patent protection for certain aspects of our technology. However, our
owned and licensed patents and patent applications may not ensure the protection of our
intellectual property for a number of other reasons:
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We do not know whether our licensors patent applications will result in issued patents. |
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Competitors may interfere with our patents and patent process in a variety of ways.
Competitors may claim that they invented the claimed invention before us or may claim that we
are infringing on their patents and therefore we cannot use our technology as claimed under
our patent. Competitors may also have our patents reexamined by demonstrating to the patent
examiner that the invention was not original or novel or was obvious. |
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We are engaged in the process of developing proposed products. Even if we receive a
patent, it may not provide much practical protection. If we receive a patent with a narrow
scope, then it will be easier for competitors to design products that do not infringe on our
patent. Even if the development of our proposed products is successful and approval for sale
is obtained, there can be no assurance that applicable patent coverage, if any, will not have
expired or will not expire shortly after this approval. Any expiration of the applicable
patent could have a material adverse effect on the sales and profitability of our proposed
product. |
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Enforcing patents is expensive and may require significant time by our management. In
litigation, a competitor could claim that our issued patents are not valid for a number of
reasons. If the court agrees, we would lose protection on products covered by those patents. |
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We also may support and collaborate in research conducted by government organizations or
universities. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to acquire any exclusive rights to
technology or products derived from these collaborations. If we do not obtain required
licenses or rights, we could encounter delays in product development while we attempt to
design around other patents or we may be prohibited from developing, manufacturing or selling
products requiring these licenses. There is also a risk that disputes may arise as to the
rights to technology or products developed in collaboration with other parties. |
It also is unclear whether efforts to secure our trade secrets will provide useful protection.
While we use reasonable efforts to protect our trade secrets, our employees or consultants may
unintentionally or willfully disclose our proprietary information to competitors resulting in a
loss of protection. Enforcing a claim that someone else illegally obtained and is using our trade
secrets, like patent litigation, is expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable.
In addition, courts outside the United States are sometimes less willing to protect trade secrets.
Finally, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods and know-how.
Claims by others that our products infringe their patents or other intellectual property rights
could adversely affect our financial condition.
The pharmaceutical industry has been characterized by frequent litigation regarding patent and
other intellectual property rights. Patent applications are maintained in secrecy in the United
States and also are maintained in secrecy outside the United States until the application is
published. Accordingly, we can conduct only limited searches to determine whether our technology
infringes the patents or patent applications of others. Any claims of patent infringement asserted
by third parties would be time-consuming and could likely:
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result in costly litigation; |
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divert the time and attention of our technical personnel and management; |
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cause product development delays; |
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require us to develop non-infringing technology; or |
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require us to enter into royalty or licensing agreements. |
Although patent and intellectual property disputes in the pharmaceutical industry often have been
settled through licensing or similar arrangements, costs associated with these arrangements may be
substantial and often require the payment of ongoing royalties, which could hurt our gross margins.
In addition, we cannot be sure that the necessary licenses would be available to us on
satisfactory terms, or that we could redesign our products or processes to avoid infringement, if
necessary. Accordingly, an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding, or
the failure to obtain necessary licenses, could prevent us from developing, manufacturing and
selling some of our products, which could harm our business, financial condition and operating
results.
We have very limited staffing and will continue to be dependent upon key employees.
Our success is dependent upon the efforts of a small management team and staff. We have employment
arrangements in place with both of our two executive officers, but neither of our executive
officers is legally bound to remain employed for any specific term. Although we have key man life
insurance on our Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Stephen M. Simes, we do not
have key man life insurance policies covering our other executive officer or any of our other
employees. If key individuals leave BioSante, we could be adversely affected if suitable
replacement personnel are not recruited quickly.
There is competition for qualified personnel in all functional areas, which makes it difficult to
attract and retain the qualified personnel necessary for the development and growth of our
business. Our future success depends upon our ability to continue to attract and retain qualified
personnel.
Our investments in auction rate securities are subject to risks which may cause losses and
adversely affect our liquidity.
At December 31, 2007, we had $15.0 million in short-term investments consisting primarily of
auction rate securities. At March 14, 2008, we had approximately $14.0 million invested in auction
rate securities. Liquidity for our auction rate securities historically has been provided by an
auction process which has allowed us the opportunity to sell the securities at each auction date,
and for those securities not sold, resets the applicable interest rate every 28 days. Although
auctions have been successful for periods immediately subsequent to December 31, 2007, recently
auctions for our auction rate securities have failed which therefore have eliminated our ability to
sell these securities through the standard auction process. Currently there is no liquid market
for these securities. There is no assurance that future auctions in our auction rate securities
will succeed. An auction failure means that the parties wishing to sell their securities could not
be matched with an adequate volume of buyers. In the event that there is a failed auction the
indenture governing the security requires the issuer to pay interest at a contractually defined
rate which may or may not correspond to market rates for other types of similar short-term
instruments. Our securities for which auctions have failed will continue to accrue interest at the
contractual rate and be subject to the auction process every 28 days until the auction succeeds,
the issuer redeems the securities or they mature. As a result, our ability to liquidate our
investment in these securities and use the cash proceeds to operate our business in the near term
may be limited. Our ability to fully recover the carrying value of our investment in these
securities may also be limited or non-
existent in the near term. All of our investments in auction rate securities are classified as
short-term investments in our financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007.
However, these recent developments may result in the classification of some or all of these
securities as long-term investments in our future financial statements.
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All of
the underlying assets of our auction rate securities are student
loans substantially all of which are backed by the federal government
under the Federal Family Education Loan Program. Substantially all of our auction rate
securities are currently rated AAA, the highest rating available by a
rating agency. We currently
believe the market values of our auction rate securities are not significantly impaired, primarily due to government
agency backing of the underlying securities and the investment-grade credit rating of each auction
rate security in our portfolio. However, it could take until the final maturity or issuer
refinancing of the underlying debt for us to realize the recorded value of our investments in these
securities. If the issuers of our auction rate securities are unable to successfully close future
auctions or redeem or refinance the securities and their credit ratings deteriorate, we may in the
future be required to record an impairment charge on these investments, and may need to sell these
securities on a secondary market. Although we believe we will be able to liquidate our investments
in these securities without any significant loss, the timing and financial impact of such an
outcome is uncertain. Based on our expected cash expenditures, our cash and cash equivalents
balance and other potential sources of cash, including our anticipated ability to borrow using
these securities as collateral, we do not anticipate that the potential lack of liquidity of these
investments in the near term will adversely affect our ability to execute our current business
plan. However, no assurance can be provided that our ability to execute our business plan will not
be affected by this risk.
The price and trading volume of our common stock has been, and may continue to be, volatile.
Historically, the market price and trading volume of our common stock closing price has fluctuated
over a wide range. In 2007, our common stock closed in a range from a low of $2.72 to a high of
$7.68, and our daily trading volume ranged from 18,500 shares to 928,700 shares. It is likely that
the price and trading volume of our common stock will continue to fluctuate in the future. The
securities of small capitalization, biopharmaceutical companies, including our company, from time
to time experience significant price and volume fluctuations, often unrelated to the operating
performance of these companies. In particular, the market price and trading volume of our common
stock may fluctuate significantly due to a variety of factors, including:
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governmental agency actions, including in particular decisions or actions by the FDA or FDA
advisory committee panels with respect to our products or our competitors products; |
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the results of our clinical trials or those of our competitors; |
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announcements of technological innovations or new products by us or our competitors; |
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announcements by licensors or licensees of our technology; |
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public concern as to the safety or efficacy of or market acceptance of products developed
by us or our competitors; |
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developments or disputes concerning patents or other proprietary rights; |
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our ability to obtain needed financing; |
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period-to-period fluctuations in our financial results, including our cash, cash
equivalents and short-term investment balance, operating expenses, cash burn rate or revenues; |
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loss of key management; |
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common stock sales in the public market by one or more of our larger stockholders, officers
or directors; |
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other potentially negative financial announcements, including delisting of our common stock
from the NASDAQ Global Market, review of any of our filings by the SEC, changes in accounting
treatment or restatement of previously reported financial results, delays in our filings with
the SEC or our failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting; and |
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general stock, market and general economic conditions in the United States and abroad, not
directly related to BioSante. |
In addition, the occurrence of any of the risks described above or elsewhere in this report or
otherwise in reports we file with or submit to the SEC from time to time could have a material and
adverse impact on the market price of our common stock. For example, in December 2004, primarily
as a result of the unanimous vote by the FDAs Reproductive Health Drugs Advisory Committee panel
against recommendation for approval of Procter & Gambles Intrinsa testosterone patch for
hypoactive sexual desire disorder, the price of our common stock decreased over 35 percent in one
trading day and over 50 percent over the course of three trading days. In addition, on the day of
and first two trading days after the public announcement of FDA advisory panels recommendation,
the daily trading volume of our common stock went from an average of approximately 166,000 shares
per day to an average of over approximately 3 million shares per day for those same three days and
then back down to an average of approximately 140,000 shares per day. Our current trading volume
is approximately 110,000 shares per day.
Securities class action litigation is sometimes brought against a company following periods of
volatility in the market price of its securities or for other reasons. We may become the target of
similar litigation. Securities litigation, whether with or without merit, could result in
substantial costs and divert managements attention and resources, which could harm our business
and financial condition, as well as the market price of our common stock.
Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
Item 2. PROPERTIES
Our principal executive office is located in a leased facility in Lincolnshire, Illinois, where we
lease approximately 6,800 square feet of office space for approximately $12,000 per month. Our
lease for this space expires in March 2009. Our CaP development operations are located within the
Bucks County Biotech Park in Doylestown, Pennsylvania where we lease approximately 2,000 square
feet of laboratory space for approximately $3,700 per month. This lease is renewable in one year
increments each July and expires in July 2008. Management of our company considers our leased
properties suitable and adequate for our current and foreseeable needs.
Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
There are no material proceedings that we believe would have a material adverse affect on our
results of operations or financial condition.
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Item 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
No matter was submitted to a vote of our security holders during the fourth quarter ended December
31, 2007.
Item 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
Our executive officers, their ages and the offices held, as of March 15, 2008, are as follows:
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Title |
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Stephen M. Simes
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56 |
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Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Phillip B. Donenberg
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47 |
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Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
Each of our executive officers serves at the discretion of our Board of Directors and holds office
until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal. There
are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
Information regarding the business experience of our executive officers is set forth below.
Stephen M. Simes has served as our Vice Chairman, President and a director of our company since
January 1998 and Chief Executive Officer since March 1998. From October 1994 to January 1997,
Mr. Simes was President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director of Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc.,
(currently a wholly owned subsidiary of Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) a company with a product
focus on infectious diseases, AIDS, endocrinology and oncology. From 1989 to 1993, Mr. Simes was
Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Gynex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a company which
concentrated on the AIDS, endocrinology, urology and growth disorders markets. In 1993, Gynex was
acquired by Savient Pharmaceuticals Inc. (formerly Bio-Technology General Corp.), and from 1993 to
1994, Mr. Simes served as Senior Vice President and director of Savient Pharmaceuticals Inc. Mr.
Simes career in the pharmaceutical industry started in 1974 with G.D. Searle & Co. (now a part of
Pfizer Inc.).
Phillip B. Donenberg, CPA, has served as our Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary since
July 1998. Before joining our company, Mr. Donenberg was Controller of Unimed Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. (currently a wholly owned subsidiary of Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Inc.) from January 1995 to
July 1998. Prior to Unimed Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Mr. Donenberg held similar positions with other
pharmaceutical companies, including Gynex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (currently Savient Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.), Applied NeuroSolutions, Inc. (formerly Molecular Geriatrics Corporation) and Xtramedics,
Inc.
35
Item 5. |
|
MARKET FOR REGISTRANTS COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER REPURCHASES
OF EQUITY SECURITIES |
Market Price
Our common stock is listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Market, under the symbol BPAX. Our
common stock has traded on the NASDAQ Global Market since November 5, 2007. From October 1, 2003
to November 2, 2007, our common stock traded on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol BPA.
The following table sets forth, in dollars and cents (in lieu of fractions), the high and low daily sale prices for our common stock, as reported by the NASDAQ Global Market, for each
calendar quarter on which our common stock was listed for trading on the NASDAQ Global Market.
NASDAQ Global Market
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
High |
|
|
Low |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fourth Quarter (beginning November 5, 2007) |
|
$ |
5.86 |
|
|
$ |
3.50 |
|
The following table sets forth, in dollars and cents (in lieu of fractions), the high and low daily sale prices for our common stock, as reported by the American Stock Exchange, for each
calendar quarter on which our common stock was listed for trading on the American Stock Exchange.
American Stock Exchange
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
High |
|
|
Low |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter |
|
$ |
4.69 |
|
|
$ |
3.51 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
$ |
4.29 |
|
|
$ |
1.91 |
|
Third Quarter |
|
$ |
2.42 |
|
|
$ |
1.60 |
|
Fourth Quarter |
|
$ |
3.14 |
|
|
$ |
1.55 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
High |
|
|
Low |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First Quarter |
|
$ |
6.25 |
|
|
$ |
2.55 |
|
Second Quarter |
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
$ |
5.28 |
|
Third Quarter |
|
$ |
6.71 |
|
|
$ |
5.00 |
|
Fourth Quarter (ending November 2, 2007) |
|
$ |
6.10 |
|
|
$ |
5.21 |
|
Number of Record Holders; Dividends
As of March 10, 2008, there were 317 record holders of our common stock and six record holders of
our class C stock. To date, we have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock
and our class C stock is not eligible to receive dividends.
36
Recent Sales of Unregistered Equity Securities
During the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2007, we did not issue or sell any equity securities
of ours without registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
We did not purchase any shares of our common stock or other equity securities of ours during the
fourth quarter ended December 31, 2007. Our Board of Directors has not authorized any repurchase
plan or program for purchase of our shares of common stock or other securities on the open market
or otherwise, other than in connection with the cashless exercise of outstanding warrants and stock
options.
Stock Performance Graph
The following graph shows the five-year cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock
from January 1, 2003 until December 31, 2007, with the annual cumulative total return over the same
period of the Russell 3000 Index and the Biological Products Index.
The comparison assumes the investment of $100 in each of our common stock, the Russell 3000 Index
and the Biological Products Index on January 1, 2003, and the reinvestment of all dividends.
The foregoing Stock Performance Graph shall not be deemed to be filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of our previous
filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended, that might incorporate future filings, including this annual report on Form 10-K, in whole
or in part, the foregoing Stock Performance Graph shall not be incorporated by reference into any
such filings.
37
Item 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial data sets forth our results of operations and balance sheet data
for the fiscal years and as of the dates indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006(1) |
|
|
2005(1) |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
(in thousands, except per share data) |
|
Statement of Operations Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensing revenue |
|
$ |
199 |
|
|
$ |
14,136 |
|
|
$ |
45 |
|
|
$ |
10 |
|
|
$ |
65 |
|
Grant revenue |
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
247 |
|
|
|
181 |
|
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
|
|
Royalty revenue |
|
|
69 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other revenue |
|
|
166 |
|
|
|
55 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenue |
|
|
493 |
|
|
|
14,438 |
|
|
|
258 |
|
|
|
78 |
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
1,095 |
|
|
|
429 |
|
|
|
401 |
|
|
|
250 |
|
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development |
|
|
4,751 |
|
|
|
3,908 |
|
|
|
6,409 |
|
|
|
9,162 |
|
|
|
3,691 |
|
General and administration |
|
|
4,331 |
|
|
|
4,550 |
|
|
|
3,801 |
|
|
|
3,080 |
|
|
|
2,327 |
|
Licensing expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
90 |
|
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
101 |
|
|
|
102 |
|
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
9,172 |
|
|
|
12,076 |
|
|
|
10,311 |
|
|
|
12,344 |
|
|
|
6,111 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(7,584 |
) |
|
$ |
2,791 |
|
|
$ |
(9,651 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,016 |
) |
|
$ |
(5,959 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net (loss)
income per share |
|
$ |
(0.30 |
) |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.70 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.54 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of
shares outstanding |
|
|
25,486 |
|
|
|
21,191 |
|
|
|
19,392 |
|
|
|
17,145 |
|
|
|
11,039 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The 2006 and 2005 statements of operations data have
been corrected to reflect the reclassification of stock option
expense. See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our financial statements
for the year ended December 31, 2007 included herein. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
(in thousands) |
|
Balance Sheet Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term
investments |
|
$ |
30,655 |
|
|
$ |
11,450 |
|
|
$ |
9,102 |
|
|
$ |
17,269 |
|
|
$ |
9,134 |
|
Total assets |
|
|
31,241 |
|
|
|
22,371 |
|
|
|
9,575 |
|
|
|
17,827 |
|
|
|
9,565 |
|
Stockholders equity |
|
|
29,725 |
|
|
|
18,071 |
|
|
|
6,819 |
|
|
|
15,921 |
|
|
|
8,684 |
|
38
Item 7. |
|
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
This Managements Discussion and Analysis provides material historical and prospective disclosures
intended to enable investors and other users to assess our financial condition and results of
operations. Statements that are not historical are forward-looking and involve risks and
uncertainties discussed under the captions Forward-Looking Statements in Item 1 and Risk
Factors in Item 1A of this annual report on Form 10-K. The following discussion of the results of
the operations and financial condition of BioSante should be read in conjunction with our financial
statements and the related note hereto. The Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations has been corrected to reflect the reclassification described in
Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to our financial statements for the year ended
December 31, 2007 included herein.
General Overview
We are a biopharmaceutical company that develops hormone therapy products to treat men and women.
We also are engaged in the development of our proprietary calcium phosphate nanotechnology, or CaP,
primarily for aesthetic medicine, novel vaccines and drug delivery.
Hormone Therapy Products. Our hormone therapy products are gel formulations of testosterone,
estradiol and various combinations of testosterone and estradiol. Our key hormone therapy products
include LibiGel, Elestrin, Bio-T-Gel and The Pill-Plus (triple hormone contraceptives). We license
the technology underlying our hormone therapy products, except Bio-T-Gel and The Pill-Plus, from
Antares Pharma, Inc. Bio-T-Gel was developed and is fully-owned by us. Our license agreement with
Antares requires us to pay Antares certain development and regulatory milestone payments and
royalties based on net sales of any products we or our sub-licensees sell incorporating the
licensed technology and required us to pay an up-front license fee. We license the technology
underlying our proposed triple hormone contraceptives from Wake Forest University Health Sciences
and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. The financial terms of this license include an upfront license
fee, regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments and royalty payments by us if a product
incorporating the licensed technology gets approved and is subsequently marketed.
We have entered into several sublicense agreements covering our hormone therapy products, including
a development and license agreement with Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., pursuant to which Teva USA
agreed to develop our male testosterone gel, Bio-T-Gel, for the U.S. market, an agreement with
Solvay Pharmaceuticals, B.V. covering the U.S. and Canadian rights to the estrogen/progestogen
combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product and an agreement with Paladin Labs Inc.
covering Canadian rights to certain of our hormone therapy products. We believe that our
estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product which we have sub-licensed
to Solvay is not in active development by Solvay, and we do not expect its active development to
occur at any time in the near future. The financial terms of these agreements generally include an
upfront license fee, milestone payments and royalty payments to us if a product incorporating the
licensed technology gets approved and is subsequently marketed and a portion of any payments
received from subsequent successful out-licensing efforts.
In November 2006, we entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Nycomed for the marketing
of Elestrin in the United States. Upon execution of the sublicense agreement, we received an
upfront payment of $3.5 million. In addition, Nycomed paid us $10.5 million in milestone payments
during 2007 as a result of the FDA approval of Elestrin in the U.S., which occurred in December
2006. Nycomed also has agreed to pay us additional payments of up to $40.0 million in the event
certain sales-based milestones are achieved, plus royalties on sales of Elestrin. We license the
transdermal estradiol gel
formulation that is used in Elestrin from Antares Pharma, Inc. Under our license agreement with
Antares, we are obligated to pay Antares 25 percent of all licensing-related milestones and a
portion of any future associated royalties. Nycomed began its commercial launch of Elestrin in
June 2007. The Elestrin FDA approval was a non-conditional and full approval with no Phase IV
development commitments. In addition, we received three years of marketing exclusivity for
Elestrin.
39
LibiGel successfully has completed a Phase II clinical trial, and we began the first of two Phase
III safety and efficacy clinical trials in December 2006. We believe based on FDA discussions,
meetings and agreements including a Special Protocol Assessment (SPA) received in January 2008 that
two Phase III safety and efficacy trials and one year of LibiGel exposure in a separate safety
study with a four year follow-up post-NDA filing and potentially post-FDA approval are the
essential requirements for submission and, if successful, approval by the FDA of an NDA for
LibiGel. Following NDA submission and potential FDA approval, we will continue to follow the
subjects in the safety study for an additional four years. The Phase III cardiovascular safety
study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center, cardiovascular events driven
study of between 2,400 and 3,100 women exposed to LibiGel or placebo for 12 months. We initiated
the safety study in January 2008. The Phase III safety and efficacy trials of LibiGel in the
treatment of female sexual dysfunction, one of which was initiated in December 2006 and the other
of which we intend to initiate in the first half of 2008, are double-blind, placebo-controlled
trials that will enroll up to approximately 500 surgically menopausal women each for a six-month
clinical trial.
In January 2008, we announced that we successfully completed and reached agreement with the FDA
under the Special Protocol Assessment process for our Phase III safety and efficacy clinical trials
for LibiGel in the treatment of FSD, specifically, hypoactive sexual desire disorder. The SPA
process and agreement affirms that the FDA agrees that the LibiGel Phase III clinical trial design,
clinical endpoints, sample size, planned conduct and statistical analyses are acceptable to support
regulatory approval. Further, it provides assurance that these agreed measures will serve as the
basis for regulatory review and the decision by the FDA to approve an NDA for LibiGel. The SPA
agreement covers the pivotal Phase III safety and efficacy trials of LibiGel in the
treatment of FSD. These SPA trials use our validated instruments to measure the clinical endpoints.
In May 2007, we announced that we sub-licensed U.S. rights to a new triple hormone oral
contraceptive to Pantarhei Bioscience B.V., a Netherlands-based pharmaceutical company. Pantarhei
is responsible under the agreement for all expenses to develop and market the product. We may
receive certain development and regulatory milestones for the first product developed under the
license. In addition, we will receive royalty payments on any sales of the product in the U.S., if
and when approved and marketed. If the product is sublicensed by Pantarhei to another company, we
will receive a percentage of any and all payments received by Pantarhei for the sublicense from a
third party.
CaP Technology and Proposed Products. Our strategy with respect to our CaP technology is to
continue development of our nanoparticle technology and actively seek collaborators and licensees
to fund and accelerate the development and commercialization of products incorporating the
technology. In addition to continuing our own product development in the potential commercial
applications of our CaP technology, we have sought and continue to seek opportunities to enter into
business collaborations or joint ventures with vaccine companies and others interested in
development and marketing arrangements with respect to our CaP technology.
40
For example, in September 2005, we signed a Material Transfer and Option Agreement for an exclusive
option to obtain an exclusive, worldwide license to use our CaP in the development of a series of
allergy products. Under the agreement, we received a nonrefundable $250,000 upfront payment. We
are recognizing revenue from this agreement on a pro rata basis over the term of the agreement.
The
remainder of the upfront payment is recorded as deferred revenue. If the option is exercised and
the parties enter into an exclusive license agreement, we will receive a one-time license fee,
annual maintenance payments, milestone payments upon the achievement of regulatory milestones and
royalties on commercial sales of any allergy product that is developed using CaP. We recorded
licensing revenue of $59,091 and $136,364 in 2007 and 2006, respectively, related to this contract.
In February 2006, we signed an exclusive option and license agreement with Medical Aesthetics
Technology Corporation (MATC) for the use of our CaP technology in the field of aesthetic medicine.
In November 2007, we signed a license agreement with MATC covering the use of our CaP as a facial
filler in aesthetic medicine. Under the license agreement, MATC is responsible for continued
development of BioLook, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings and all
manufacturing and marketing associated with the product. In exchange for the license, we received
an ownership position in MATC of approximately five percent of the common stock of MATC. In
addition to the ownership position, we may receive certain milestone payments and royalties as well
as share in certain payments if MATC sublicenses the technology. We recorded licensing revenue of
$140,000 related to this license and ownership position in MATC.
Under a subcontract with DynPort Vaccine Company LLC, we provided BioVant, our vaccine adjuvant,
and DynPort provided recombinant antigens to be used in potential vaccines against anthrax. The
objective was to assess the immunogenic potential of BioVant when used in anthrax vaccines versus
the immunogenic response of anthrax vaccines that use alum as the vaccine adjuvant. We completed
the subcontract and recorded approximately $300,000 in revenue over the life of the subcontract
with $1,806 and $82,985 recognized in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Currently, we are seeking
additional funding from government sources or potential partners for our anthrax program.
Financial Overview
All of our revenue to date has been derived from upfront, milestone and royalty payments earned on
licensing and sublicensing transactions and from subcontracts. We have not commercially introduced
any products and do not expect to do so in the foreseeable future. However, Nycomed, our marketing
sublicensee for Elestrin, launched Elestrin in June 2007. As a result, commencing in mid-2007, we
began to receive royalties on net sales of Elestrin. However, such royalties were minimal during
2007.
To date, we have used primarily equity financing, licensing income and interest income to fund our
ongoing business operations and short-term liquidity needs, and we expect to continue this practice
for the foreseeable future. In 2006, upon execution of the sublicense agreement with Nycomed, we
received an upfront payment of $3.5 million. In addition, Nycomed paid us $7.0 million and $3.5
million in the first and fourth quarters 2007, respectively, both triggered by the FDA approval of
Elestrin in the U.S., which occurred in the fourth quarter 2006. Under our license agreement with
Antares, we are obligated to pay Antares 25 percent of all licensing-related milestones and a
portion of any future associated royalties. The aggregate $14.0 million received from Nycomed
(consisting of the following amounts paid by Nycomed to us: $3.5 million in the fourth quarter
2006, $7.0 million in the first quarter 2007 and $3.5 million in the fourth quarter 2007) was
recognized as revenue in 2006 since the entire $14.0 million was non-refundable, we had a
contractual right to receive such payments, the contract price was fixed, the collection of the
resulting receivable was reasonably assured and we had no further performance obligations under the
license agreement. The corresponding obligations to Antares were represented as Due to Licensor
Antares on our balance sheet as of December 31, 2006 and expensed as Licensing expense on our
statement of operations for 2006. Nycomed also has agreed to pay us additional payments of up to
$40.0 million in the event certain sales-based milestones are achieved, plus royalties on sales of
Elestrin. We are obligated to pay 25 percent of any sales-based milestone payments and a
specified portion of royalties to Antares, which we will recognize as these payments are triggered,
based on reported levels of future Elestrin sales.
41
Nycomed commercially launched Elestrin in June 2007. As such, we recognized royalty revenue of
$69,353 based upon Nycomeds net sales of Elestrin during the year ended December 31, 2007. The
royalty revenue presented in our statements of operations represents the gross royalty revenue to
be received from Nycomed. Our corresponding obligation to pay Antares a portion of the royalties
received was $31,209 for the year ended December 31, 2007. While we believe that royalty revenues from Nycomed may be significant in the long term,
actual sales-based royalty revenue related to Elestrin was not significant for the year ended
December 31, 2007, and we do not know when, if ever, Nycomeds Elestrin sales will result in
significant royalty revenue to us.
In June 2007, we completed a private placement of 3,054,999 shares of our common stock and
associated warrants to purchase 763,750 shares of our common stock at a purchase price of $6.00 per
share. The private placement resulted in net proceeds of approximately $17.3 million, after
deduction of transaction expenses. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments were
$30.7 million as of December 31, 2007.
Our business operations to date have consisted mostly of licensing and research and development
activities and we expect this to continue for the immediate future. If and when our proposed
products for which we have not entered into marketing relationships receive FDA approval, we may
begin to incur other expenses, including sales and marketing related expenses if we choose to
market the products ourselves. We currently do not have sufficient resources on a long-term basis
to complete the commercialization of any of our proposed products for which we have not entered
into marketing relationships. Based on our current cash resources and our current commitments, we
believe we should be able to maintain our current planned development activities and the
corresponding level of expenditures through at least the next 18 months, and if we are unable to
liquidate our auction rate securities, through at least the next 12 months (See Liquidity and
Capital Resources section). No assurance can be provided that we will not need or seek
additional cash prior to such time. As an alternative to raising additional financing, we may
license LibiGel or another product to a third party who may finance a portion or all of the
continued development and if approved, commercialization of LibiGel or the other product, or we may
elect to sell certain assets or rights we have under our existing license agreements.
We spent an average of approximately $400,000 per month on research and development activities in
2007. Our research and development expenses increased $843,023 or 22 percent, to $4.8 million for
the year ended December 31, 2007 from $3.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2006, primarily
as a result of the initiation of our Phase III clinical development program for LibiGel, which
began in December 2006. We expect our monthly research and development expenses to remain at the
average monthly 2007 levels until late in the first half of 2008, when we expect such monthly
expenses to increase to at least $800,000 to $1.0 million per month. The amount of our actual
research and development expenditures may fluctuate from quarter-to-quarter and year-to-year
depending upon: (1) our development schedule, including the timing of our clinical trials; (2)
resources available; (3) results of studies, clinical trials and regulatory decisions; (4) whether
we or our licensees are funding the development of our proposed products; and (5) competitive
developments.
42
Our general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased $218,259 or
five percent, compared to general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006.
This decrease was due primarily to a decrease in business development costs and a decrease in
non-cash, stock-based compensation expense partially offset by an increase in other
personnel-related costs. Our non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for the year ended
December 31, 2007 decreased $365,573,
or 34 percent, compared to non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December
31, 2006. The primary reason for this decrease was $746,616 of expense that was recorded in 2006
related to the March 2006 grant of stock options to our non-employee directors, which options were
immediately exercisable and as a result were fully expensed on the grant date. Our general and
administrative expenses may fluctuate from year-to-year depending upon the amount of non-cash,
stock-based compensation expense, legal, public and investor relations, accounting and corporate
governance and other fees and expenses incurred.
We recognized a net loss for the year ended December 31, 2007 of $7.6 million. We recognized net
income of $2.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily due to the recognition of
$14.0 million in licensing revenue as a result of the execution of our sublicense agreement with
Nycomed and the subsequent FDA approval of Elestrin in the fourth quarter of 2006. Although we
expect to continue to receive royalty income and possibly sales-based milestone payments from
Nycomed, we expect to incur substantial and continuing losses for the foreseeable future. This is
true especially as our own product development programs expand and various preclinical and clinical
trials commence or continue, including in particular the Phase III clinical trial program for
LibiGel and other trials and studies associated with LibiGel. The amount of these losses may vary
significantly from year-to-year and quarter-to-quarter and will depend on, among other factors:
|
|
|
the progress, timing and cost of our preclinical and clinical development programs,
including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for LibiGel, and our other
product development efforts; |
|
|
|
|
the timing and cost of obtaining necessary regulatory approvals for our proposed
products; |
|
|
|
|
the commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we receive royalties and
potentially sales-based milestones; |
|
|
|
|
the timing and cost of various cash and non-cash general and administrative items; |
|
|
|
|
the timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our products; and |
|
|
|
|
the progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to implement business
collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other business combinations or transactions
with entities that have businesses or technologies complementary to our business. |
Pursuant to an amendment executed in August 2006 to our license agreement with The Regents of the
University of California, we are no longer obligated to pay the University of California future
specified minimum annual royalties. Under the terms of the original agreement, $75,000 would have
been due on February 28, 2007 for which we had accrued $37,500 at the time of the amendment. We
paid the University of California $100,000 in connection with the amendment.
Critical Accounting Policies
Our significant accounting policies are described in Note 2 to our financial statements included in
Item 8 of this report. The discussion and analysis of the financial statements and results of
operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these
financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported
amount of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets
and liabilities. The SEC has defined a companys critical accounting policies as those that are
most important to the portrayal of its financial
condition and results of operations, and which the company is required to make its most difficult
and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates of matters that are
inherently uncertain. Based on this definition, we have identified the following critical
accounting policies. Although we believe that our estimates and assumptions are reasonable, they
are based upon information available when they are made. Actual results may differ significantly
from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
43
Revenue Recognition
We enter into various licensing agreements that generate license revenue or other upfront fees and
which may also involve subsequent milestone payments earned upon our completion of development
milestones or upon the occurrence of certain regulatory actions, such as the filing of a regulatory
application or the receipt of a regulatory approval. We recognize non-refundable license fees as
revenue when we have a contractual right to receive such payment, the contract price is fixed or
determinable, the collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and we have no
further performance obligations under the license agreement. Non-refundable license fees that meet
these criteria and are due to us upon execution of an agreement are recognized as revenue
immediately.
Milestones, in the form of additional license fees, typically represent non-refundable payments to
be received in conjunction with the achievement of a specific event identified in the contract,
such as completion of specified clinical development activities and/or regulatory submissions
and/or approvals. We recognize revenues from milestone payments that meet the criteria in the
preceding paragraph when the milestone is achieved.
Additionally, we record royalty revenue based upon sales of products under a license when such
royalties are earned, which is generally in the quarter when the related products are sold.
Deferred revenue arises from payments received in advance of the culmination of the earnings
process. We classify as a current liability any deferred revenue that is expected to be recognized
within the next twelve months. We will recognize in future periods deferred revenue when the
applicable revenue recognition criteria have been met.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Government grants are recorded
as an offset to the related research and development costs when we have complied with the
conditions attached to the grant and there is reasonable assurance that the funds will be received.
44
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, our results of operations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
493,054 |
|
|
$ |
14,438,621 |
|
|
$ |
258,351 |
|
Expenses |
|
|
9,172,498 |
|
|
|
12,075,691 |
|
|
|
10,310,573 |
|
Research and development |
|
|
4,751,313 |
|
|
|
3,908,290 |
|
|
|
6,409,080 |
|
General and administrative |
|
|
4,331,361 |
|
|
|
4,549,620 |
|
|
|
3,800,555 |
|
Licensing expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income |
|
|
1,095,009 |
|
|
|
428,343 |
|
|
|
401,186 |
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(7,584,435 |
) |
|
$ |
2,791,273 |
|
|
$ |
(9,651,036 |
) |
Net (loss) income per share (basic and
diluted) |
|
$ |
(0.30 |
) |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
Weighted average number of shares
outstanding |
|
|
25,485,513 |
|
|
|
21,190,946 |
|
|
|
19,392,116 |
|
Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2006
Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased significantly compared to revenue for 2006
primarily due to the 2006 recognition of $14.0 million in licensing revenue as a result of the
execution of our sublicense agreement with Nycomed and subsequent FDA approval of Elestrin in 2006.
Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased 22 percent
compared to research and development expenses for 2006 primarily as a result of increased spending
on our Phase III LibiGel clinical trial program, which commenced in December 2006. We expect our
research and development expenses to increase in 2008 compared to 2007 as a result of our Phase III
LibiGel clinical trial program, which will include two Phase III safety and efficacy trials, one of
which was initiated in December 2006 and the other of which we expect to initiate in the first half
of 2008, and a safety study which was initiated in January 2008. Specifically, we expect our
research and development expenses to be at least $800,000 to $1.0 million per month during 2008
starting late in the first half of 2008.
Our general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased five percent
compared to general and administrative expenses for 2006 primarily as a result of a decrease in
business development costs and a decrease in non-cash, stock-based compensation expense partially
offset by an increase in personnel-related expenses. Our non-cash, stock-based compensation
expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased $365,573, or 34 percent, compared to
non-cash, stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily as a
result of $746,616 of expense that was recorded in 2006 related to the March 2006 grant of stock
options to our non-employee directors, which options were immediately exercisable and as a result
were fully expensed on the grant date.
Licensing expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased significantly compared to
licensing expense for 2006 primarily due to the 2006 recognition of $3.5 million in licensing
expense as a result of the execution of our sublicense agreement with Nycomed, subsequent FDA
approval of Elestrin in 2006 and related licensing expense to our Elestrin licensor as of December
31, 2006.
Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased 156 percent compared to interest
income during 2006 primarily as a result of a higher average invested cash balances and higher
average interest rates on our invested funds.
45
Year Ended December 31, 2006 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2005
Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased significantly compared to revenue for 2005
primarily due to the recognition of $14.0 million in licensing revenue as a result of the execution
of our sublicense agreement with Nycomed and subsequent FDA approval of Elestrin in 2006.
Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 decreased 39 percent
compared to research and development expenses for 2005 primarily as a result of lower spending on
the Elestrin NDA and only one month of Phase III LibiGel clinical trial expenses.
Our general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased 20 percent
compared to general and administrative expenses for 2005 primarily due to an increase in non-cash,
stock-based compensation due to the immediately exercisable option grants to our non-employee
directors in March 2006.
Licensing expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased significantly compared to
licensing expense for 2005 primarily due to the recognition of $3.5 million in licensing expense as
a result of the execution of our sublicense agreement with Nycomed, subsequent FDA approval of
Elestrin in 2006 and related licensing expense to our Elestrin licensor as of December 31, 2006.
Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2006 increased seven percent compared to interest
income during 2005 primarily as a result of higher average interest rates on our invested funds.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Working Capital
All of our revenue to date has been derived from upfront, milestone and royalty payments earned on
licensing and sub-licensing transactions and from subcontracts. We have not commercially
introduced any products and do not expect to do so in the foreseeable future, although our
marketing sublicensee for our Elestrin product, Nycomed, commercially launched Elestrin in June
2007, as a result of which we received royalty income commencing in mid-2007.
Our business operations to date have consisted mostly of licensing and research and development
activities, and we expect this to continue for the immediate future. If and when our proposed
products for which we have not entered into marketing relationships receive FDA approval, we may
begin to incur other expenses, including sales and marketing related expenses if we choose to
market the products ourselves. We currently do not have sufficient resources to obtain regulatory
approval of our other proposed products or to complete the commercialization of any of our proposed
products that are not licensed to others for development and marketing. We expect the Phase III
clinical trial program of LibiGel to require significant resources. Therefore, we may need to
raise substantial additional capital to fund our operations or alternatively, we may choose to
sublicense LibiGel or another product for development and commercialization, enter into other
business collaborations or combinations or sell certain assets or rights we have under our existing
license agreements.
To date, we have used primarily equity financings, licensing income and interest income to fund our
ongoing business operations and short-term liquidity needs, and we expect to continue this practice
for the foreseeable future. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2007, we received $1.2
million in cash proceeds from stock option and warrant exercises.
46
Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments available to fund our operations were $30.7
million and $11.4 million at December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. The increase
in our cash and short-term investment balances was primarily due to our receipt during 2007 of
milestone payments in the amount of $10.5 million as a result of the execution of our sublicense
agreement with Nycomed and subsequent FDA approval of Elestrin and the completion in June 2007 of a
private placement of 3,054,999 shares of our common stock and associated warrants to purchase
763,750 shares of our common stock resulting in net proceeds to us of approximately $17.3 million,
after deduction of transaction expenses. These payments were offset partially by our use of cash
to fund operations, including licensing expenses to our licensor, Antares. We do not have any
outstanding debt.
As of December 31, 2007, we had $15.6 million of cash and cash equivalents and an additional $15.0
million of short-term investments. Our cash and cash equivalents are invested in highly-rated,
investment grade financial instruments consisting primarily of commercial paper. Our short-term
investments consist primarily of money market investments and investment-grade auction rate
securities, the underlying assets of which are portfolios of student loans backed by the federal
government. Although such securities typically have been very liquid, such liquidity recently has
been reduced as a result of recent events in the credit markets, including the market for these
auction rate securities. Although we expect the markets for auction rate securities to recover in
the near term and believe we will be able to liquidate our investments in our auction rate
securities without any significant loss, the timing of such an outcome is uncertain. Currently
there is no liquid market for these securities. Based on our expected cash expenditures, our cash
and cash equivalents balance and other potential sources of cash, including our anticipated ability
to borrow using these securities as collateral, we do not anticipate that the potential lack of
liquidity of these investments in the near term will adversely affect our ability to execute our
current business plan. However, no assurance can be provided that it will not do so.
Our securities for which auctions have failed will continue to accrue interest at the contractual
rate and will be subject to auctions every 28 days until the auction process succeeds, the issuers
redeem the securities or the underlying debt instruments mature. If we determine that an issuer of
the securities is unable to successfully close future auctions or redeem or refinance the
obligations, we might be required to reclassify the investments from a current asset to a
non-current asset. If an issuers financial stability or credit rating deteriorates or adverse
developments occur in the bond insurance market, we might be required to adjust the carrying value
of our action rate securities through a future impairment charge. We continue to monitor the
market for auction rate securities and to consider its impact (if any) on the fair market value of
our investments. We currently believe the market values of our auction
rate securities are not significantly impaired, primarily due to
government agency backing of the underlying securities and the
investment-grade credit rating of each auction rate security in our
portfolio.
We believe that our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments as of December 31, 2007 will
be sufficient to meet our anticipated cash needs for working capital and capital expenditures for
at least the next 18 months, and if we are unable to liquidate our auction rate securities, through
at least the next 12 months. However, we may seek to obtain additional financing prior to that
time. Our future capital requirements will depend upon numerous factors, including:
|
|
|
the progress, timing, cost and results of our preclinical and clinical development
programs, including in particular our Phase III clinical trial program for LibiGel, and our
other product development efforts; |
|
|
|
|
patient recruitment and enrollment in our current and future clinical trials; |
|
|
|
|
the cost, timing and outcome of regulatory reviews of our proposed products; |
47
|
|
|
the commercial success and net sales of Elestrin, on which we receive royalties and
potentially may receive sales-based milestones; |
|
|
|
|
the timing and cost of obtaining third party reimbursement for our products; |
|
|
|
|
the progress, timing and costs of our business development efforts to implement business
collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other business combinations or transactions
with entities that have businesses or technologies complementary to our business. |
|
|
|
|
our ability to license LibiGel or other products for development and commercialization; |
|
|
|
|
the rate of technological advances; |
|
|
|
|
ongoing determinations of the potential commercial success of our proposed products; |
|
|
|
|
our general and administrative expenses; |
|
|
|
|
the activities of our competitors; and |
|
|
|
|
our opportunities to acquire new products or take advantage of other unanticipated
opportunities. |
If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity securities, our stockholders may
experience dilution, which could be significant. Furthermore, additional financing may not be
available when needed or, if available, financing may not be on terms favorable to us or our
stockholders. If financing is not available when required or is not available on acceptable terms,
or additional sublicense agreements are not signed, we may be required to delay, scale back or
eliminate some or all of our programs designed to facilitate the development of our proposed
products and commercial introduction of our products.
Uses of Cash and Cash Flow
Cash provided by operating activities was $739,991 for year ended December 31, 2007 versus cash
used in operating activities of $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. Cash provided
by operating activities was primarily the result of the receipt of approximately $10.5 million from
Nycomed, 25 percent of which was due to our licensor, partially offset by our net loss of $7.6
million during the year ended December 31, 2007. Cash used in operating activities for the year
ended December 31, 2006 was primarily the result of the recognition of the $10.5 million Nycomed
receivable, 25 percent of which was due to our licensor partially offset by the net income for that
period. Net cash used in investing activities was $11.2 million for the year ended December 31,
2007 versus cash provided by investing activities of $5.0 million for the year ended December 31,
2006. Net purchases of short-term investments of $11.2 million and net redemptions of short-term
investments of $5.0 million were the primary reasons for the net cash used in and the net cash
provided by investing activities in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Net cash provided by financing
activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $18.5 million and resulted primarily from the
completion of a private placement in June 2007 that resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately
$17.3 million, after deduction of transaction expenses, and warrant and stock option exercises,
which resulted in net proceeds to us of $1.2 million. Net cash provided by financing activities
for the year ended December 31, 2006 was $7.4 million and was primarily the result of the
completion of our June 2006 private placement that resulted in net proceeds to us of approximately
$7.2 million, after deduction of transaction expenses. In exchange for a license with MATC, we
received an ownership position in MATC of approximately five percent of the common stock of MATC.
We recorded non-cash licensing revenue of $140,000 related to this license and have recorded our investment in MATC using the cost method.
48
We used cash in operating activities of $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 versus
cash used in operating activities of $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. The
decrease in cash used in operating activities reflects the net income we recognized in 2006 versus
a net loss in 2005, partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable attributed to the
sublicense payments we expected to and did receive from Nycomed during the first and fourth
quarters of 2007, which were recorded as revenue in 2006. Net cash provided by investing
activities was $5.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2006 versus cash provided by investing
activities of $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2005. Redemption of short-term
investments provided $13.0 million in cash during 2006, and we used $8.0 million to purchase
short-term investments and $39,255 to purchase computer equipment during 2006. Redemption of
short-term investments provided $7.7 million in cash during 2005, while $392,375 was used to
purchase short-term investments and $67,416 to purchase additional computers and office equipment
during 2005. Net cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2006 was
$7.4 million, approximately $7.2 million of which resulted from our July 2006 private placement,
after deduction of transaction expenses and $243,675 of which resulted from stock option exercises.
Net cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2005 was $197,768 and
was primarily the result of option and warrant exercises.
Commitments and Contractual Obligations
We did not have any material commitments for capital expenditures as of December 31, 2007. We
have, however, several potential financial commitments, including product development milestone and
royalty payments to the licensor of certain of our hormone therapy products, payments under our
license agreement with Wake Forest University Health Sciences, as well as minimum annual lease
payments.
The following table summarizes the timing of these future contractual obligations and commitments
as of December 31, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due by Period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After 5 |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Year |
|
|
1-3 Years |
|
|
4-5 Years |
|
|
Years |
|
Operating Leases |
|
$ |
205,437 |
|
|
$ |
169,206 |
|
|
$ |
36,231 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Obligation under
License Agreement
with Antares |
|
|
1,063 |
|
|
|
1,063 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commitments Under
License Agreement
with Wake Forest |
|
|
720,000 |
|
|
|
70,000 |
|
|
|
210,000 |
|
|
|
160,000 |
|
|
|
280,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Contractual
Cash Obligations |
|
$ |
926,500 |
|
|
$ |
240,269 |
|
|
$ |
246,231 |
|
|
$ |
160,000 |
|
|
$ |
280,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a
material effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses,
results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. As a result, we are
not materially exposed to any financing, liquidity, market or credit risk that could arise if we
had engaged in these arrangements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48,
Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN
48), which provides guidance for the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. FIN 48 requires companies
to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position will be sustained upon
examination by the appropriate taxing authorities before any tax benefit can be recorded in the
financial statements. It
also provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, classification and interest and penalties
related to uncertain tax positions. We adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. The
adoption of FIN 48 did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
49
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 157,
Fair Value Measurement (SFAS 157). The standard provides guidance for using fair value to
measure assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair value should be based
on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or liability and establishes
a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to develop those assumptions. Under
the standard, fair value measurements would be separately disclosed by level within the fair value
hierarchy. SFAS 157 will be effective for us January 1, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 157 is not
expected to have an impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and
Financial Liabilities Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS 159). SFAS 159
permits an entity to elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for many
financial assets and liabilities. Entities electing the fair value option are required to
recognize changes in fair value in earnings. SFAS 159 also requires additional disclosures to
compensate for the lack of comparability that will arise from the use of the fair value option.
SFAS 159 will be effective for us beginning January 1, 2008. The adjustment to reflect the
difference between the fair value and the carrying amount would be accounted for as a
cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the date of initial adoption. We do not
expect to elect the fair value option for any of its existing financial assets and liabilities, and
therefore the adoption of SFAS 159 is not expected to have an impact on our current results of
operations or financial condition. The future impact, if any on our results of operations or
financial condition of electing the fair value option for future financial assets and liabilities,
is not known.
In December 2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (EITF) Issue No. 07-1,
Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements (EITF 07-1). EITF 07-1 provides guidance on how to
determine whether an arrangement constitutes a collaborative arrangements, how costs incurred and
revenue generated on sales to third parties should be reported by participants in a collaborative
arrangement, how payments made between participants in a collaborative arrangement should be
categorized, and what participants should disclose in the notes to the financial statements about a
collaborative arrangement. EITF 07-1 is effective for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2009.
EITF 07-1 requires that the impact of adopting the issue for all arrangements existing as of the
effective date be presented as a change in accounting principle through retrospective application
to all prior periods presented. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of EITF 07-1 will have on our results of operations or financial condition.
In June 2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 07-3, Accounting for
Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and Development
Activities (EITF 07-3). EITF 07-3 requires non-refundable advance payments for goods and
services to be used in future research and development (R&D) activities to be recorded as assets
and the payments to be expensed when the R&D activities are performed. EITF 07-3 is effective for
us prospectively for new contractual arrangements entered into beginning January 1, 2008. We have
not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption of EITF 07-3 will have on our results of
operations or financial condition.
50
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007) Business Combinations (SFAS
141(R)). SFAS 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements of the original pronouncement requiring
that the purchase method be used for all business combinations. SFAS 141(R) defines the acquirer as
the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the business combination, establishes
the
acquisition date as the date that the acquirer achieves control and requires the acquirer to
recognize the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any noncontrolling interest at their fair
values as of the acquisition date. SFAS 141(R) also requires that acquisition-related costs be
recognized separately from the acquisition. SFAS 141(R) will be effective for us for the fiscal
year beginning January 1, 2009. The adoption of SFAS 141(R) is not expected to have an impact on
our results of operations or financial condition.
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financials Statements (SFAS 160). This standard outlines the accounting and reporting for
ownership interest in a subsidiary held by parties other than the parent. SFAS 160 will be
effective for us beginning January 1, 2009. SFAS 160 is to be applied prospectively, except for
the presentation and disclosure requirements. The adoption of SFAS 160 is not expected to have an
impact on our results of operations or financial condition.
In December 2007, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting
Bulletin 110 (SAB 110) to amend the SECs views discussed in Staff Accounting Bulletin 107 (SAB
107) and extend the use of the simplified method in developing an estimate of expected life of
share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R). SAB 110 is effective for us beginning January 1,
2008. We expect to use the simplified method until we have the historical data necessary to
provide a reasonable estimate of the expected life of our options in accordance with SAB 110.
Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK
We are exposed to interest rate risk on the investments of our excess cash and short-term
investments, although due to the nature of our short-term investments, we have concluded that such
risk is not material. The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal
while at the same time maximize yields without significantly increasing risk. To achieve this
objective, we typically have invested in highly liquid and high quality debt securities. To
minimize the exposure due to adverse shifts in interest rates, we typically have invested in
short-term securities with maturities of less than one year.
At December 31, 2007, we held investments in $14.5 million of investment-grade auction rate
securities, the underlying assets of which are student loans backed by the federal government.
Although such securities typically have been very liquid, such liquidity recently has been impacted
as a result of recent events in the credit markets, including the markets for these securities, and
currently there is no liquid market for these securities. Although we believe we will be able to
liquidate our investments in our auction rate securities in the near term without any significant
loss, the timing of such an outcome is uncertain. Therefore, we are exposed to market risk related
to our investments in auction rate securities. For further details, see Item 7. Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsLiquidity and Capital
Resources.
51
Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
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Description |
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Page |
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53 |
|
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54-55 |
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56 |
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57 |
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58 |
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59 |
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60-82 |
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52
MANAGEMENTS REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
As management of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc., we are responsible for establishing and
maintaining an adequate system of internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, for BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
BioSantes internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that
(i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect
the transactions and dispositions of the assets of BioSante; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of BioSante are
being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of BioSante; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized
acquisition, use, or disposition of BioSantes assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or
detect misstatements and even when determined to be effective, can only provide reasonable
assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Also, projection of
any evaluation of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting to future periods
is subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or
that the degree or compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
With our participation, management evaluated the effectiveness of BioSantes internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. In making this evaluation, management used the
criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO)
in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework. Based on this assessment, management concluded that
BioSantes internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2007.
The effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm,
as stated in their report herein.
|
|
|
/s/ Stephen M. Simes
|
|
/s/ Phillip B. Donenberg |
Stephen M. Simes
|
|
Phillip B. Donenberg |
Vice Chairman, President
and Chief Executive
Officer
|
|
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
March 17, 2008
Further discussion of our internal controls and procedures is included in Item 9A of this
report, under the heading Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
53
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Lincolnshire, Illinois
We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the Company)
as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related statements of operations, stockholders equity,
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2007. These financial
statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An
audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the
financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial
position of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,
2007, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2007, based on criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 17,
2008 expressed an unqualified opinion on the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Chicago, Illinois
March 17, 2008
54
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Lincolnshire, Illinois
We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
(the Company) as of December 31, 2007, based on
criteria established in Internal Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission. The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control
over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over
financial reporting, included in the accompanying Managements Report on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Companys internal control
over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was
maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and
evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk,
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe
that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the
supervision of, the companys principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons
performing similar functions, and effected by the companys board of directors, management, and
other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting
and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes
those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles,
and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with
authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the
possibility of collusion or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to
error or fraud may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any
evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over financial reporting to future periods
are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions,
or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2007, based on the criteria established in Internal
Control Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board (United States), the financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2007 of
the Company and our report dated March 17, 2008, expressed an unqualified opinion on those
financial statements.
/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
Chicago, Illinois
March 17, 2008
55
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Balance Sheets
December 31, 2007 and 2006
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
15,648,948 |
|
|
$ |
7,653,852 |
|
Short-term investments |
|
|
15,005,976 |
|
|
|
3,795,977 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
14,566 |
|
|
|
10,510,529 |
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
|
337,420 |
|
|
|
248,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
31,006,910 |
|
|
|
22,208,474 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET (Note 4) |
|
|
54,896 |
|
|
|
137,040 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER ASSETS |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in MATC (Note 3) |
|
|
140,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Deposits |
|
|
39,536 |
|
|
|
25,326 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
31,241,342 |
|
|
$ |
22,370,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CURRENT LIABILITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable (Note 10) |
|
$ |
710,575 |
|
|
$ |
621,818 |
|
Due to licensor Antares (Note 3) |
|
|
1,063 |
|
|
|
2,625,000 |
|
Provision for contingencies (Note 11) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
550,588 |
|
Accrued compensation |
|
|
717,409 |
|
|
|
368,522 |
|
Other accrued expenses |
|
|
77,712 |
|
|
|
65,500 |
|
Deferred revenue |
|
|
9,091 |
|
|
|
68,182 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,515,850 |
|
|
|
4,299,609 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (Note 6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Capital stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issued and Outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007-391,286;
2006-391,286 Class C special stock |
|
|
391 |
|
|
|
391 |
|
2007-26,794,607;
2006-22,975,040 Common stock |
|
|
84,206,583 |
|
|
|
64,967,887 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
84,206,974 |
|
|
|
64,968,278 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated Deficit |
|
|
(54,481,482 |
) |
|
|
(46,897,047 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29,725,492 |
|
|
|
18,071,231 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
31,241,342 |
|
|
$ |
22,370,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
56
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Statements of Operations
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
REVENUE |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Licensing revenue |
|
$ |
199,091 |
|
|
$ |
14,136,364 |
|
|
$ |
45,455 |
|
Grant revenue |
|
|
59,060 |
|
|
|
247,257 |
|
|
|
180,896 |
|
Royalty Revenue |
|
|
69,353 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other revenue |
|
|
165,550 |
|
|
|
55,000 |
|
|
|
32,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
493,054 |
|
|
|
14,438,621 |
|
|
|
258,351 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EXPENSES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development |
|
|
4,751,313 |
|
|
|
3,908,290 |
|
|
|
6,409,080 |
|
General and administration |
|
|
4,331,361 |
|
|
|
4,549,620 |
|
|
|
3,800,555 |
|
Licensing expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
89,824 |
|
|
|
117,781 |
|
|
|
100,938 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9,172,498 |
|
|
|
12,075,691 |
|
|
|
10,310,573 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
OTHER Interest income |
|
|
1,095,009 |
|
|
|
428,343 |
|
|
|
401,186 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET (LOSS) INCOME |
|
$ |
(7,584,435 |
) |
|
$ |
2,791,273 |
|
|
$ |
(9,651,036 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) Income per common share (Note 2): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
(0.30 |
) |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
Diluted |
|
$ |
(0.30 |
) |
|
$ |
0.13 |
|
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average number of common and
common equivalent shares outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
25,485,513 |
|
|
|
21,190,946 |
|
|
|
19,392,116 |
|
Diluted |
|
|
25,485,513 |
|
|
|
21,483,911 |
|
|
|
19,392,116 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
57
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Statements of Stockholders Equity
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Class C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Special Shares |
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
Unearned |
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Amount |
|
|
Compensation |
|
|
Deficit |
|
|
Total |
|
Balance, December 31, 2004 |
|
|
391,286 |
|
|
|
398 |
|
|
|
18,955,181 |
|
|
|
56,455,451 |
|
|
|
(497,959 |
) |
|
|
(40,037,284 |
) |
|
|
15,920,606 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option exercises various |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
14,270 |
|
|
|
41,518 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
41,518 |
|
Warrant exercises various |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37,825 |
|
|
|
156,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
156,250 |
|
Stock option compensation executive officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
351,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
351,500 |
|
Share redesignation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
524 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(9,651,036 |
) |
|
|
(9,651,036 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2005 |
|
|
391,286 |
|
|
|
398 |
|
|
|
19,007,800 |
|
|
|
56,653,219 |
|
|
|
(146,459 |
) |
|
|
(49,688,320 |
) |
|
|
6,818,838 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option exercises various |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
152,894 |
|
|
|
243,675 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
243,675 |
|
Stock option compensation executive officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(40,684 |
) |
|
|
146,459 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
105,775 |
|
Private placement of common shares, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,812,978 |
|
|
|
7,134,363 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7,134,363 |
|
Stock option expense (FAS 123R) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
971,057 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
971,057 |
|
Share redesignation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued in license agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,368 |
|
|
|
6,250 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6,250 |
|
Net income |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,791,273 |
|
|
|
2,791,273 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2006 |
|
|
391,286 |
|
|
$ |
391 |
|
|
|
22,975,040 |
|
|
$ |
64,967,887 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(46,897,047 |
) |
|
$ |
18,071,231 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of common shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option exercises various |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
53,081 |
|
|
|
192,371 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
192,371 |
|
Warrant exercises various |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
711,487 |
|
|
|
1,019,225 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,019,225 |
|
Stock option expense (FAS 123R) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
711,259 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
711,259 |
|
Private placement of common shares, net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,054,999 |
|
|
|
17,282,935 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
17,282,935 |
|
Stock warrant expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,906 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
32,906 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(7,584,435 |
) |
|
|
(7,584,435 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2007 |
|
|
391,286 |
|
|
$ |
391 |
|
|
|
26,794,607 |
|
|
$ |
84,206,583 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
(54,481,482 |
) |
|
$ |
29,725,492 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
58
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Statements of Cash Flows
Years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY (USED IN) OPERATING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
$ |
(7,584,435 |
) |
|
$ |
2,791,273 |
|
|
$ |
(9,651,036 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to
net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
89,824 |
|
|
|
117,781 |
|
|
|
100,938 |
|
Employee and director stock-based compensation |
|
|
711,259 |
|
|
|
1,076,832 |
|
|
|
351,500 |
|
Stock warrant expense-noncash |
|
|
32,906 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss on disposal of equipment |
|
|
21,748 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
MATC license revenue-noncash |
|
|
(140,000 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
affecting cash flows from operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other assets |
|
|
(103,514 |
) |
|
|
(15,985 |
) |
|
|
52,128 |
|
Accounts receivable |
|
|
10,495,963 |
|
|
|
(10,510,529 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities |
|
|
449,856 |
|
|
|
(745,332 |
) |
|
|
(101,834 |
) |
Provision for contingencies |
|
|
(550,588 |
) |
|
|
(199,412 |
) |
|
|
750,000 |
|
Due to licensor-Antares |
|
|
(2,623,937 |
) |
|
|
2,625,000 |
|
|
|
(3,750 |
) |
Deferred revenue |
|
|
(59,091 |
) |
|
|
(136,363 |
) |
|
|
204,545 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
|
|
739,992 |
|
|
|
(4,996,735 |
) |
|
|
(8,297,509 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS (USED IN) PROVIDED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Redemption of short term investments |
|
|
981 |
|
|
|
13,004,723 |
|
|
|
7,700,150 |
|
Purchase of short term investments |
|
|
(11,210,979 |
) |
|
|
(8,009,812 |
) |
|
|
(392,375 |
) |
Purchase of capital assets |
|
|
(29,428 |
) |
|
|
(39,255 |
) |
|
|
(67,416 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities |
|
|
(11,239,426 |
) |
|
|
4,955,656 |
|
|
|
7,240,359 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH FLOWS PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from sale or conversion of shares |
|
|
18,494,531 |
|
|
|
7,384,288 |
|
|
|
197,768 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
18,494,531 |
|
|
|
7,384,288 |
|
|
|
197,768 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |
|
|
7,995,097 |
|
|
|
7,343,209 |
|
|
|
(859,382 |
) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS
AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |
|
|
7,653,852 |
|
|
|
310,643 |
|
|
|
1,170,025 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |
|
$ |
15,648,949 |
|
|
$ |
7,653,852 |
|
|
$ |
310,643 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SUPPLEMENTAL
SCHEDULE OF NONCASH INVESTING CASH FLOW INFORMATION |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment in MATC |
|
$ |
140,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to the financial statements.
59
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
1. |
|
ORGANIZATION |
|
|
|
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the Company) was established to develop prescription
pharmaceutical products, vaccines, vaccine adjuvants and drug delivery systems using its
nanoparticle technology (CaP) licensed from the University of California. The research
and development on the CaP technology is conducted in the Companys Doylestown, Pennsylvania
laboratory facility. In addition to its nanoparticle technology, the Company also has been
developing its pipeline of hormone therapy products to treat men and women, many of which
products were licensed from Antares Pharma, Inc. The Companys business office is located
in Lincolnshire, Illinois. The Company had been considered a development stage enterprise
through the third quarter and into the fourth quarter of 2006. With the recognition of
significant licensing revenues as a result of the Companys first FDA approved product
during the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company is no longer a development stage company. |
|
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
|
|
|
Basis of Presentation |
|
|
|
These financial statements are expressed in U.S. dollars. The Company is organized into one
operating and one reporting segment. |
|
|
|
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America (generally accepted accounting
principles). The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted
accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the
reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and
liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. |
|
|
|
Cash and Cash Equivalents |
|
|
|
The Company generally considers all instruments with original maturities of three months or
less to be cash equivalents. Certain investments that could meet the definition of a cash
equivalent are classified as investments due to the nature of the account in which the
investment is held and the Companys intended use of the investment. Interest income on
invested cash balances is recognized on the accrual basis as earned. |
|
|
|
Short-term Investments |
|
|
|
Short-term investments, which consist primarily of auction rate securities, are classified
as available for sale under the provisions of SFAS No. 115, Accounting for Certain
Investments in Debt and Equity Securities. Accordingly, the short-term investments are
reported at fair value, with any related unrealized gains and losses included as a separate
component of stockholders equity, net of applicable taxes. Realized gains and losses and
interest and dividends are included in interest income. Realized gains and losses are
recorded based upon the specific identification method. |
60
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
The fair value of investments is determined based on quoted market prices at the reporting
date for those instruments. As of December 31, 2007, and December 31, 2006, the Company had
$15.0 million and $3.8 million of short-term investments, respectively. The investment
balance consisted of auction rate securities investments of $14.5 million and money market
fund investments of approximately $500,000 as of December 31, 2007, and of auction rate
securities investments of $3.5 million and money market fund investments of approximately
$300,000 as of December 31, 2006. There were no gains or losses recorded in accumulated
other comprehensive income as of December 31, 2007 or December 31, 2006, and there were no
realized gains or losses included in earnings as the result of sale of available for sale
securities for the years ended December 31, 2007, December 31, 2006 or December 31, 2005. |
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2007, the Companys investments had maturity dates ranging from May 1,
2030 to May 1, 2046. Despite the long-term contractual maturities of the underlying debt of
the auction rate securities held at December 31, 2007, all of these securities were
classified as short-term investments as it was the Companys intention to liquidate these
securities within one year. |
|
|
|
Liquidity for our auction rate securities typically has been provided by an auction process
which has allowed us the opportunity to sell the securities at each auction date, and for
those securities not sold, resets the applicable interest rate every 28 days. Although
auctions have been successful for periods immediately subsequent to December 31, 2007,
recently auctions for our auction rate securities have failed which therefore have
eliminated our ability to sell these securities through the standard auction process.
Currently there is no liquid market for these securities. There is no assurance that future
auctions in our auction rate securities will succeed. An auction failure means that the
parties wishing to sell their securities could not be matched with an adequate volume of
buyers. In the event that there is a failed auction the indenture governing the security
requires the issuer to pay interest at a contractually defined rate which may or may not
correspond to market rates for other types of similar short-term instruments. Our
securities for which auctions have failed will continue to accrue interest at the
contractual rate and be subject to the auction process every 28 days until the auction
succeeds, the issuer redeems the securities or they mature. As a result, our ability to
liquidate our investment in these securities and use the cash proceeds to operate our
business in the near term may be limited. Our ability to fully recover the carrying value
of our investment in these securities may also be limited or non-existent in the near term.
However, these recent developments may result in the classification of some or all of these
securities as long-term investments in our future financial statements. |
|
|
|
All of the underlying assets of our auction rate securities
are student loans substantially all of which are
backed by the federal government under the Federal Family Education
Loan Program. Substantially all of our auction rate securities are currently rated AAA, the highest rating available by a
rating agency. However, it
could take until the final maturity or issuer refinancing of the underlying debt for us to
realize the recorded value of our investments in these securities. If the issuers of our
auction rate securities are unable to successfully close future auctions or redeem or
refinance the securities and their credit ratings deteriorate, we may in the future be
required to record an impairment charge on these investments, and may need to sell
these securities on a secondary market. Although we believe we will be able to liquidate our
investments in these securities without any significant loss, the timing and financial
impact of such an outcome is uncertain. |
61
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Property and Equipment |
|
|
|
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization.
Depreciation of computer, office and laboratory equipment is computed primarily by
accelerated methods over estimated useful lives of seven years. Leasehold improvements are
amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the leases, plus reasonably assured
optional renewals. |
|
|
|
Long-Lived Assets |
|
|
|
Long-lived assets are reviewed for possible impairment whenever events indicate that the
carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. If such a review indicates an
impairment, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to estimated recoverable value. |
|
|
|
Research and Development |
|
|
|
Research and development costs are charged to expense as
incurred. Direct government grants are recorded as an offset to the related research and development
costs when the Company has complied with the conditions attached to the grant and there is
reasonable assurance that the funds will be received. |
|
|
|
Legal Costs |
|
|
|
For ongoing matters, legal costs are charged to expense as incurred. |
|
|
|
Basic and Diluted Net (Loss) Income Per Share |
|
|
|
The basic and diluted net (loss) per income share is computed based on the weighted average
number of the aggregate of common stock and Class C shares outstanding, all being considered
as equivalent of one another. Basic (loss) income per share is computed by dividing (loss)
income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding
for the reporting period. Diluted (loss) income per share reflects the potential dilution
that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or
converted into common stock. The computation of diluted (loss) income per share does not
include the Companys stock options or warrants when there is an antidilutive effect on
income (loss) per share. Certain options and warrants had a dilutive effect under the
treasury stock method as the average market price of the common stock during the period
exceeded the exercise price of the options or warrants. 292,965
shares were added to the basic weighted average number of shares
outstanding to determine the fully diluted weighted average number of
shares outstanding for the year ended December 31, 2006. |
62
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Stock-based Compensation |
|
|
|
The Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123(R), Share-Based
Payment (SFAS No. 123(R)) under the modified prospective method on January 1, 2006.
Under the modified prospective method, compensation cost is recognized in the financial
statements beginning with the effective date, based on the requirements of SFAS No. 123(R)
for all share-based payments granted after that date, and based on the requirements of
Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, Accounting for Stock Based
Compensation (SFAS No. 123) for all unvested awards granted prior to the effective date
of SFAS No. 123(R). SFAS No. 123(R) eliminates the intrinsic value measurement method of
accounting in APB Opinion 25 and generally requires measuring the cost of the employee
services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments based on the fair value of
the award on the date of the grant. The standard requires grant date fair value to be
estimated using either an option-pricing model which is consistent with the terms of the
award or a market observed price, if such a price exists. Such costs must be recognized
over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the
award. The standard also requires estimating the number of instruments that will ultimately
be issued, rather than accounting for forfeitures as they occur. |
|
|
|
The following table presents the pro forma impact of applying SFAS 123(R) in prior years. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2005 |
|
Net (loss)/income |
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
(9,651,036 |
) |
Stock-based compensation included in net (loss)/income
as reported |
|
|
351,500 |
|
Total stock-based employee compensation determined
under fair value based method for all awards |
|
|
(784,329 |
) |
Pro forma net (loss)/income |
|
$ |
(10,083,865 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted net (loss)/income per share |
|
|
|
|
As reported |
|
$ |
(0.50 |
) |
Pro forma |
|
$ |
(0.52 |
) |
|
|
Warrants issued to non-employees as compensation for services rendered are valued at their
fair value on the date of issue. Warrants of this nature to purchase an aggregate of
180,000 shares of the Companys common stock were issued in 2007. |
63
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Correction of Prior Period Presentation |
|
|
|
Subsequent to the issuance of the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2006,
an error was identified in the presentation of expenses related to stock-based compensation,
which had been presented as a separate line item on the face of the income statement, in
order to include such amounts in the relevant income statement captions to which the stock
compensation expense related. As a result, prior period income statement reclassifications
have been made to correct the presentation as follows: |
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2006: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As Previously |
|
|
Impact of |
|
|
As |
|
Account Description |
|
Reported |
|
|
Reclassification |
|
|
Corrected |
|
Research and development expense |
|
|
3,855,660 |
|
|
|
52,630 |
|
|
|
3,908,290 |
|
General and administrative expense |
|
|
3,525,418 |
|
|
|
1,024,202 |
|
|
|
4,549,620 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
1,076,832 |
|
|
|
(1,076,832 |
) |
|
|
|
|
For the year ended December 31, 2005:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As Previously |
|
|
Impact of |
|
|
As |
|
Account Description |
|
Reported |
|
|
Reclassification |
|
|
Corrected |
|
Research and development expense |
|
|
6,311,440 |
|
|
|
97,640 |
|
|
|
6,409,080 |
|
General and administrative expense |
|
|
3,546,695 |
|
|
|
253,860 |
|
|
|
3,800,555 |
|
Stock compensation expense |
|
|
351,500 |
|
|
|
(351,500 |
) |
|
|
|
|
These reclassifications had no impact on net (loss) income or (loss) income per share for
either year or for any period.
Revenue Recognition
The Company has entered into various licensing agreements that generate license revenue or
other upfront fees and which may also involve subsequent milestone payments earned upon
completion of development milestones by the Company or upon the occurrence of certain
regulatory actions, such as the filing of a regulatory application or the receipt of a
regulatory approval. Non-refundable license fees are recognized as revenue when the Company
has a contractual right to receive such payment, the contract price is fixed or
determinable, the collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured and the
Company has no further performance obligations under the license agreement. Non-refundable
license fees that meet these criteria and are due to the Company upon execution of an
agreement are recognized as revenue immediately.
Milestones, in the form of additional license fees, typically represent non-refundable
payments to be received in conjunction with the achievement of a specific event identified
in the contract, such as completion of specified clinical development activities and/or
regulatory submissions and/or approvals. Revenues from milestone payments that meet the
criteria in the preceding paragraph are recognized when the milestone is achieved.
64
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Additionally, royalty revenue based upon sales of products under license is recorded when
such royalties are earned and are deemed collectible, which is generally in the quarter when
the related products are sold. |
|
|
|
Deferred revenue arises from payments received in advance of the culmination of the earnings
process. Deferred revenue expected to be recognized within the next twelve months is
classified as a current liability. Deferred revenue will be recognized as revenue in future
periods when the applicable revenue recognition criteria have been met. |
|
|
|
Income Taxes |
|
|
|
Deferred tax assets or liabilities are determined based on the difference between the
financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities, as measured by enacted tax
rates. A valuation allowance is provided against deferred income tax assets in circumstances where management believes the
recoverability of a portion of the assets is more likely than not.
The Company has provided a full valuation allowance against its net
deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. |
|
|
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
|
|
|
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued FASB Interpretation
No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxesan interpretation of FASB Statement No.
109 (FIN 48), which provides guidance for the accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. FIN 48
requires companies to determine whether it is more likely than not that a tax position
will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing authorities before any tax
benefit can be recorded in the financial statements. It also provides guidance on the
recognition, measurement, classification and interest and penalties related to uncertain tax
positions. We adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. The adoption of FIN 48
did not have an impact on our results of operations or financial condition. |
|
|
|
In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No.
157, Fair Value Measurement (SFAS 157). The standard provides guidance for using fair
value to measure assets and liabilities. SFAS 157 clarifies the principle that fair value
should be based on the assumptions market participants would use when pricing an asset or
liability and establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to
develop those assumptions. Under the standard, fair value measurements would be separately
disclosed by level within the fair value hierarchy. SFAS 157 will be effective for us
January 1, 2008. The adoption of SFAS 157 is not expected to have an impact on our results
of operations or financial condition. |
|
|
|
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets
and Financial Liabilities Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115 (SFAS 159).
SFAS 159 permits an entity to elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement
attribute for many financial assets and liabilities. Entities electing the fair value
option are required to recognize changes in fair value in earnings. SFAS 159 also requires
additional disclosures to compensate for the lack of comparability that will arise from the
use of the fair value option. SFAS 159 will be effective |
65
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
for us beginning January 1, 2008. The adjustment to reflect the difference between the fair value and the carrying amount would be accounted for
as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the date of initial adoption.
We do not expect to elect the fair value option for any of its existing financial assets and
liabilities, and therefore the adoption of SFAS 159 is not expected to have an impact on our
current results of operations or financial condition. The future impact, if any on our
results of operations or financial condition of electing the fair value option for future
financial assets and liabilities, is not known. |
|
|
|
In December 2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue (EITF) Issue No.
07-1, Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements (EITF 07-1). EITF 07-1 provides
guidance on how to determine whether an arrangement constitutes a collaborative
arrangements, how costs incurred and revenue generated on sales to third parties should be
reported by participants in a collaborative arrangement, how payments made between
participants in a collaborative arrangement should be categorized, and what participants
should disclose in the notes to the financial statements about a collaborative arrangement.
EITF 07-1 is effective for the fiscal year beginning January 1, 2009. EITF 07-1 requires
that the impact of adopting the issue for all arrangements existing as of the effective date
be presented as a change in accounting principle through retrospective application to all
prior periods presented. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of EITF 07-1 will have on our results of operations or financial condition. |
|
|
|
In June 2007, the FASB ratified Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 07-3, Accounting for
Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research and
Development Activities (EITF 07-3). EITF 07-3 requires non-refundable advance payments
for goods and services to be used in future research and development (R&D) activities to be
recorded as assets and the payments to be expensed when the R&D activities are performed.
EITF 07-3 is effective for us prospectively for new contractual arrangements entered into
beginning January 1, 2008. We have not yet determined the impact, if any, that the adoption
of EITF 07-3 will have on our results of operations or financial condition. |
|
|
|
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141 (revised 2007) Business Combinations (SFAS
141(R)).
SFAS 141(R) retains the fundamental requirements of the original pronouncement
requiring that the purchase method be used for all business combinations. SFAS 141(R)
defines the acquirer as the entity that obtains control of one or more businesses in the
business combination, establishes the acquisition date as the date that the acquirer
achieves control and requires the acquirer to recognize the assets acquired, liabilities
assumed and any noncontrolling interest at their fair values as of the acquisition date.
SFAS 141(R) also requires that acquisition-related costs be recognized separately from the
acquisition. SFAS 141(R) will be effective for us for the fiscal year beginning January 1,
2009. The adoption of SFAS 141(R) is not expected to have an impact on our results of
operations or financial condition. |
66
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
2. |
|
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (continued) |
|
|
|
In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated
Financials Statements (SFAS 160). This standard outlines the accounting and reporting
for ownership interest in a subsidiary held by parties other than the parent. SFAS 160 will
be effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2009. SFAS 160 is to be applied
prospectively, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements. The adoption of
SFAS 160 is not expected to have an impact on our results of operations or financial
condition. |
|
|
|
In December 2007, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting
Bulletin 110
(SAB 110) to amend the SECs views discussed in Staff Accounting Bulletin 107
(SAB 107) and extend the use of the simplified method in developing an estimate of
expected life of share options in accordance with SFAS No. 123(R).
SAB 110 is effective for
us beginning January 1, 2008. We expect to use the simplified method until we have the
historical data necessary to provide a reasonable estimate of expected life of the options
in accordance with SAB 110. |
|
3. |
|
LICENSE AGREEMENTS |
|
|
|
In June 1997, the Company entered into a licensing agreement with the Regents of the
University of California, which subsequently has been amended, pursuant to which the
University has granted the Company an exclusive license to seven United States patents owned
by the University, including rights to sublicense such patents. The University of
California has filed patent applications for this licensed technology in several foreign
jurisdictions, including Canada, Europe and Japan. The Company is obligated to pay
royalties to the University if and when a product is developed using these patents. |
|
|
|
On June 13, 2000, the Company entered into a license agreement with Antares Pharma, Inc.
(Antares), covering four hormone products to treat men and women. The license agreement
requires the Company to pay Antares a percentage of future net sales, if any, as a royalty.
Under the terms of the license agreement, the Company also is obligated to make milestone
payments upon the occurrence of certain future events. |
|
|
|
As allowed by the licensing agreement with Antares, on September 1, 2000, the Company
entered into a sub-license agreement with Paladin Labs Inc. (Paladin) to market the hormone
therapy products in Canada. In exchange for the sub-license, Paladin agreed to make an
initial investment in the Company, milestone payments and pay royalties on sales of the
products in Canada. The milestone payments, to date, have been made in the form of a series
of equity investments by Paladin in the Companys common stock at a 10 percent premium to
the market price of the Companys common stock at the date of the equity investment. These
equity investments resulted in the Company issuing a total of 1,368 shares of its common
stock to Paladin at a 10 percent premium to the Companys market price in 2006. The dollar
value of the premium, $6,250, was recorded as equity in the statements of stockholders
equity for 2006. No shares were issued to Paladin in 2007. |
67
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
3. |
|
LICENSE AGREEMENTS (continued) |
|
|
|
On August 7, 2001, the Company entered into a sub-license agreement with Solvay
Pharmaceuticals, B.V. (Solvay) covering the U.S. and Canadian rights to the
estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone therapy gel product licensed from
Antares in June 2000. Under the terms of the agreement, Solvay sub-licenses the Companys
estrogen/progestogen combination transdermal hormone gel product for an initial payment of
$2.5 million ($1.7 million net of the related payments due to Antares and Paladin), future
milestone payments and escalating sales-based royalties. Solvay has been responsible for
all costs of development of the product to date. We believe that the hormone therapy
product licensed to Solvay is not in active development by Solvay and the Company does not
expect its active development to occur at any time in the near future. |
|
|
|
In April 2002, the Company exclusively in-licensed from Wake Forest University and
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center three issued U.S. patents claiming triple hormone therapy (the
combination use of estrogen plus progestogen plus androgen, e.g. testosterone) and obtained
an option to license the patents for triple hormone contraception. The financial terms of
the license include an upfront payment by the Company in exchange for exclusive rights to
the license and regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments and royalty payments by
the Company if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets approved and
subsequently marketed. In July 2005, the Company exercised the option for an exclusive
license for the three U.S. patents for triple hormone contraception. The financial terms of
this license include an upfront payment, regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments
and royalty payments by the Company if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets
approved and subsequently marketed. |
|
|
|
In May 2007, the Company announced that it sub-licensed U.S. rights to a triple hormone oral
contraceptive to Pantarhei Bioscience B.V. (Pantarhei), a Netherlands-based pharmaceutical
company. Pantarhei is responsible under the agreement for all expenses to develop and
market the product. The Company may receive certain development and regulatory milestones
for the first product developed under the license. In addition, the Company will receive
royalty payments on any sales of the product in the U.S., if and when approved and marketed.
If the product is sublicensed by Pantarhei to another company, the Company will receive a
percentage of any and all payments received by Pantarhei for the sublicense from a third
party. The Company has retained all rights under the licensed patents to the transdermal
delivery of triple hormone contraceptives. |
|
|
|
In December 2002, the Company entered into a development and license agreement with Teva
Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.,
pursuant to which Teva USA agreed to develop the Companys male testosterone gel,
Bio-T-Gel, for the U.S. market. The financial terms of the development and license
agreement included a $1.5 million upfront payment by Teva USA and royalties on sales of the
product, if and when approved and marketed, in exchange for rights to develop and market the
product. Teva USA also is responsible under the terms of the agreement for continued
development, regulatory filings and all manufacturing and marketing associated with the
product. In 2005, the Company was notified that Teva USA had discontinued development of
the product and indicated to the Company a desire to formally terminate the agreement. In
June 2007, the Company signed an amendment to the agreement under which the Company and Teva
reinitiated its collaboration on the development of the product. There were |
68
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
3. |
|
LICENSE AGREEMENTS (continued) |
|
|
|
no changes to the master license agreement in
force at that time. Teva withdrew its previous notice of its desire to terminate the
agreement and reinitiated funding and development of the product. Teva also agreed to pay
the Company certain milestone payments plus royalties on sales of the product, if and when
commercialized. The product is owned by the Company with no royalty or milestone
obligations to any other party. Teva is responsible under the revised agreement for
continued development of the product, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings
and all manufacturing and marketing associated with the product. |
|
|
|
In September 2005, the Company signed a Material Transfer and Option Agreement for an
exclusive option to obtain an exclusive, worldwide license to use the Companys calcium
phosphate nanotechnology in the development of a series of allergy products. The partner
company will fund the development of potential products for the treatment of conditions
including rhinitis, asthma, conjunctivitis, dermatitis and allergic gastrointestinal
diseases. Under the terms of the agreement, in September 2005, the Company received a
nonrefundable $250,000 upfront payment. The Company is recognizing revenue from the
agreement on a pro rata basis over the term of the agreement as the Company has not yet
completed all of its required performance under the terms of the agreement. The remainder
of the upfront payment is recorded as deferred revenue. The initial term of the agreement
was 22 months, ending in June 2007. In April 2007, the term was extended through March 31,
2008. If the option is exercised and the parties enter into an exclusive license agreement,
the Company will receive a one-time license fee, annual maintenance payments, milestone
payments upon the achievement of regulatory milestones and royalties on commercial sales of
any allergy product that is developed using CaP. |
|
|
|
In November 2006, the Company entered into an exclusive sublicense agreement with Bradley
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Bradley) for the marketing of Elestrin, the Companys estradiol
gel, in the United States. Effective February 21, 2008, Nycomed US Inc. (Nycomed)
completed its acquisition of Bradley. As a result, all references to Bradley have been
changed to Nycomed in these financial statement and the notes hereto. Upon execution of the
sublicense agreement, the Company received an upfront payment of $3.5 million. In addition,
Nycomed paid the Company $7.0 million and $3.5 million in the first and fourth quarters of
2007, respectively, both triggered by the FDA approval of Elestrin in the U.S., which
occurred in the fourth quarter of 2006. The Company licenses the transdermal estradiol gel
formulation that is used in Elestrin from Antares Pharma IPL AG (Antares). Under its
license agreement with Antares, the Company is obligated to pay Antares 25 percent of all
licensing-related proceeds and a portion of any future associated royalties that the Company may receive.
As a result, the Company was required to pay Antares
$2.625 million and $875,000 during the years ended December 31, 2007 and
December 31, 2006, respectively. The aggregate $14.0 million received from Nycomed
(consisting of the following amounts paid by Nycomed to the Company: $3.5 million in the
fourth quarter of 2006, $7.0 million in the first quarter of 2007 and $3.5 million in the
fourth quarter of 2007) was recognized as revenue in 2006 since the entire $14.0 million was
non-refundable, the Company had a contractual right to receive such payments, the contract
price was fixed, the collection of the resulting receivable was reasonably assured and the
Company had no further performance obligations under the license agreement. Nycomed also
has agreed to pay the Company additional payments of up to $40 million in the event certain
sales-based milestones are achieved, plus royalties on sales of Elestrin which totaled
$69,353 for the year ended December 31, 2007. The Company is obligated to pay 25 percent of
any sales-based milestone payments and a specified portion of royalties to Antares, which
the Company will recognize as these payments are triggered, based on reported levels of
Elestrin sales. Nycomed began its commercial launch of Elestrin in June 2007. |
69
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
3. |
|
LICENSE AGREEMENTS (continued) |
|
|
|
In February 2006, the Company signed an exclusive option and license agreement with Medical
Aesthetics Technology Corporation (MATC) for the use of the Companys CaP technology in
the field of aesthetic medicine. Under the terms of the option and license agreement, MATC
will use the Companys CaP technology to develop products for commercialization in the field
of aesthetic medicine, specifically, the improvement and/or maintenance of the external
appearance of the head, face, neck and body. In November 2007, the Company signed a license
agreement with MATC covering the use of CaP as a facial filler (BioLook) in aesthetic
medicine. This license agreement is a result of MATCs exercise of the previously granted
option under the original license agreement. Under the agreement, MATC is responsible for
continued development of BioLook, including required clinical trials, regulatory filings and
all manufacturing and marketing associated with the product. In exchange for this license,
the Company has taken an ownership position in MATC of approximately five percent of the
common shares of MATC. In addition to the ownership position, the Company may receive
certain milestone payments and royalties as well as share in certain payments if MATC
sublicenses the technology. The Company recorded an investment asset and licensing revenue
of $140,000 related to this license and ownership position in MATC. The MATC investment is
recorded using the cost-method. |
70
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
4. |
|
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |
|
|
|
Property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation at December 31, 2007 and 2006
consist of the following: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Computer equipment |
|
$ |
129,753 |
|
|
$ |
101,083 |
|
Office equipment |
|
|
126,044 |
|
|
|
155,191 |
|
Laboratory equipment |
|
|
36,019 |
|
|
|
129,433 |
|
Leasehold improvements Laboratory |
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
520,339 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
291,816 |
|
|
|
906,046 |
|
Accumulated depreciation and amortization |
|
|
(236,920 |
) |
|
|
(769,006 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
54,896 |
|
|
$ |
137,040 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
During 2007, the Company recognized a loss on the disposal of equipment of $21,748 as result
of the closure of its Smyrna, Georgia laboratory facility. The closure of the Smyrna
facility caused the decrease in the laboratory equipment and laboratory leasehold
improvements balances.
71
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
5. |
|
INCOME TAXES |
|
|
|
The Company adopted the provisions of FASB Interpretation No. 48, Accounting for
Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, or FIN 48, on
January 1, 2007. FIN 48 requires companies to determine whether it is more likely than
not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination by the appropriate taxing
authorities before any tax benefit can be recorded in the financial statements. It also
provides guidance on the recognition, measurement, classification and interest and penalties
related to uncertain tax positions. The adoption of FIN 48 did not have an impact on the
Companys financial position upon adoption. The Company
determined there are no uncertain tax positions existing as of
January 1, 2007 or December 31, 2007. |
|
|
|
The Company has analyzed its filing positions in all significant federal and state
jurisdictions were it is required to file income tax returns, as well as open tax years in
these jurisdictions. The only periods subject to examination by the major tax jurisdictions
where the Company does business are the 2004 through 2007 tax years. |
|
|
|
The components of the Companys net deferred tax asset at December 31, 2007 and 2006 were as
follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
|
$ |
17,588,392 |
|
|
$ |
14,669,434 |
|
Tax basis in intangible assets |
|
|
538,819 |
|
|
|
674,141 |
|
Research & development credits |
|
|
2,569,848 |
|
|
|
2,308,522 |
|
Stock option expense |
|
|
1,017,790 |
|
|
|
749,290 |
|
Other |
|
|
103,235 |
|
|
|
258,321 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,818,084 |
|
|
|
18,659,708 |
|
Valuation allowance |
|
|
(21,818,084 |
) |
|
|
(18,659,708 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company has no current tax provision due to its accumulated losses, which result in net
operating loss carryforwards. At December 31, 2007, the Company had approximately
$46,591,767 of net operating loss carryforwards that are available to reduce future taxable
income for a period of up to 20 years. The net operating loss carryforwards expire in the
years 2018-2027. The net operating loss carryforwards as well as amortization of various
intangibles, principally acquired in-process research and development, generate deferred tax
benefits, which have been recorded as deferred tax assets and are entirely offset by a tax
valuation allowance. The valuation allowance has been provided at 100% to reduce the
deferred tax assets to zero, the amount management believes is more likely than not to be
realized. Additionally, the Company
has provided a full valuation allowance against $2,569,848 of research and development
credits, which are available to reduce future income taxes, if any, through the year 2027. |
72
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
5. |
|
INCOME TAXES (continued) |
|
|
|
The provision for income taxes differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory
federal income tax rate of 34.5% to pre-tax income as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate |
|
$ |
(2,616,630 |
) |
|
$ |
962,989 |
|
|
$ |
(3,329,607 |
) |
State taxes, net of federal benefit |
|
|
(246,494 |
) |
|
|
90,716 |
|
|
|
(313,659 |
) |
Research and development credits |
|
|
(162,675 |
) |
|
|
(135,632 |
) |
|
|
(255,723 |
) |
Change in valuation allowance |
|
|
3,158,376 |
|
|
|
(950,595 |
) |
|
|
3,702,476 |
|
Other, net |
|
|
(132,577 |
) |
|
|
32,522 |
|
|
|
196,513 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
|
|
|
On June 13, 2007, the Company closed a private placement of 3,054,999 shares of its common
stock and associated warrants to purchase 763,750 shares of its common stock at a purchase
price of $6.00 per share to certain institutional and other accredited investors for gross
proceeds of approximately $18.3 million. The private placement resulted in net proceeds to
the Company of approximately $17.3 million, after deduction of transaction expenses. The
warrants are exercisable for a period of three years, beginning December 14, 2007, at an
exercise price of $8.00 per share. The number of shares issuable upon exercise of the
warrants and the exercise price of the warrants are adjustable in the event of stock splits,
combinations and reclassifications, but not in the event of the issuance of additional
securities. |
|
|
|
On July 21, 2006, the Company closed a private placement of 3,812,978 shares of its common
stock and associated warrants to purchase 1,334,542 shares of its common stock at a purchase
price of $2.00 per unit to certain institutional and other accredited investors for gross
proceeds of approximately $7.6 million. The private placement resulted in net proceeds to
the Company of approximately $7.2 million, after deduction of transaction expenses. The
warrants are exercisable for a period of four years and nine months, beginning January 22,
2007, at an exercise price of $2.75 per share. The number of shares issuable upon exercise
of the warrants and the exercise price of the warrants are adjustable in the event of stock
splits, combinations and reclassifications, but not in the event of the issuance of
additional securities. |
73
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
6. |
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (continued) |
|
a) |
|
Authorized |
|
|
|
|
Preference shares |
|
|
|
|
Ten million preference shares, $0.0001 par value per share, issuable in series
subject to limitation, rights and privileges as determined by the directors. No
preference shares have been issued as of December 31, 2007. |
|
|
|
|
Special Shares |
|
|
|
|
4,687,684 Class C special shares, $0.0001 par value per share, convertible to common
stock, to be held a minimum of one year from date issue, on the basis of one Class C
special share and U.S. $2.50. These shares are not entitled to a dividend and carry
one vote per share. There were 391,286 shares of Class C special shares issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2006. |
|
|
|
|
Common Stock |
|
|
|
|
One hundred million common shares of stock, $0.0001 par value per share, which carry
one vote per share. There were 26,794,607 and 22,975,040 shares of common stock
issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2007 and 2006,
respectively. The Company has presented the par values of its common
stock and the related additional paid in capital on a combined basis
for all periods presented. |
|
|
b) |
|
Warrants |
|
|
|
|
In summary, the Company currently has the following warrants outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount |
|
Exercise Price |
|
|
Expiration |
323,614 |
|
$ |
2.15 |
|
|
August 8, 2008 |
534,996 |
|
$ |
7.00 |
|
|
August 10, 2009 |
853,292 |
|
$ |
2.75 |
|
|
October 21, 2011 |
763,750 |
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
December 14, 2010 |
180,000 |
|
$ |
8.00 |
|
|
July 18, 2010 |
Pursuant to the Companys private placement financing in August 2003, warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 2,767,366 shares of common stock were issued at an exercise
price of $2.15 per share with a term of five years. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 323,614 shares of
common stock remained outstanding and were exercisable as of December 31, 2007.
74
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
6. |
|
STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (continued) |
|
|
|
Pursuant to the Companys private placement financing in May 2004, warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 534,996 shares of common stock were issued at an exercise
price of $7.00 per share with a term of five years. These warrants remained
outstanding and were all exercisable as of December 31, 2007. |
|
|
|
|
Pursuant to the Companys private placement financing in July 2006, warrants to
purchase an aggregate of 1,334,542 shares of common stock were issued at an exercise
price of $2.75 per share with a term of four years and nine months, beginning
January 22, 2007. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 853,292 shares of common
stock remained outstanding as of December 31, 2007. |
|
|
|
|
During 2005, warrants to purchase 31,250 shares of common
stock were exercised for a total cash proceeds of $156,250. Warrants
to purchase an aggregate of 6,575 shares of common stock were
exercised on a cashless basis, for which 4,925 additional warrants
were cancelled by the Company in payment of the exercise price
for the exercised warrants, thus reducing the number of shares on a
fully diluted basis. |
|
|
|
|
During 2006, there were no warrants exercised, and warrants to
purchase 367,187 shares of common stock were cancelled upon their expiration. |
|
|
|
|
During 2007, warrants to purchase 371,500 shares of common stock were exercised for
total cash proceeds of $1,019,225. Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 339,987
shares of common stock also were exercised on a cashless basis, for which 163,321 additional warrants
were cancelled by the Company in payment of the exercise price for
the exercised warrants, thus reducing the number of shares outstanding on a fully
diluted basis. |
|
|
|
|
In July 2007, the Company issued warrants to purchase 180,000 shares of common stock
to an investor relations firm in return for various investor relations services.
The warrants are exercisable at an exercise price equal to $8.00 per share with 50
percent of the warrants becoming exercisable on July 19, 2008 and the remainder
becoming exercisable on July 19, 2009. The warrants are exercisable through and
including July 18, 2010. The Company uses the Black-Sholes pricing model to value
these warrants and remeasures the award each quarter until the measurement date is
established. In the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company recorded $32,906 in
non-cash general and administrative expense pertaining to these consultant warrants. |
|
|
c) |
|
Options |
|
|
|
|
During 2007, options to purchase an aggregate of 49,201 shares of common stock were
exercised for total cash proceeds of $192,371. In addition, options to purchase an
aggregate of 11,333 shares of common stock were exercised on a cashless basis
resulting in the issuance of 3,880 shares of common and the withholding and
subsequent cancellation of 7,453 shares of common stock to pay the exercise price of
such options, thus reducing the number of shares outstanding on a fully diluted
basis. |
|
|
|
|
In 2006, options to purchase an aggregate of 91,849 shares of common stock were
exercised for total cash proceeds of $243,675, and options to purchase an aggregate
of 177,385 shares of common stock were exercised on a cashless basis resulting in
the issuance of 61,045 shares of common stock and the withholding and subsequent
cancellation of 116,340 shares of common stock to pay the exercise price of such
options. |
75
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
7. |
|
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION |
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2007, the Company maintained one stock-based compensation plan, the
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan, which is described
below. The non-cash, stock-based compensation cost that has been incurred by the Company in
connection with this plan was $711,259 and $1,076,832 for the year ended December 31, 2007
and 2006, respectively. No income tax benefit has been recognized in the Companys
statement of operations for the stock-based compensation arrangements due to the Companys
net loss position. |
|
|
|
The BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan (the Plan) permits
the grant of stock options and stock awards to its employees, directors and consultants. As
of December 31, 2007, 3,000,000 shares of the Companys common stock were reserved for
issuance under the Plan, subject to adjustment as provided in the plan. As of December 31,
2007, 1,209,336 of the 3,000,000 shares remained available for issuance. The Company
believes that equity-based incentives, such as stock options and stock awards, align the
interest of its employees and directors with those of its stockholders. Options are
generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Companys common
stock on the date of the grant; outstanding employee stock options generally vest ratably
over a period of time and have 10-year contractual terms. During 2006, stock options were
granted to directors which were exercisable immediately. As a result, stock-based
compensation expense was recognized on the grant date in an amount equal to the fair value
of the related options. No stock awards have been granted under the Plan. The Compensation
Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company may at its sole discretion modify or
accelerate the vesting of any stock option or stock award at any time but may not reprice
any outstanding options without obtaining stockholder approval. |
|
|
|
The weighted average fair value of the options at the date of grant for options granted
during 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $2.37, $3.11 and $3.79, respectively. The fair value of each
option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model
with the following weighted average assumptions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected option life (years) |
|
|
9.83 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
|
|
10 |
|
Risk free interest rate |
|
|
4.74% |
|
|
|
4.10% |
|
|
|
3.96% |
|
Expected stock price volatility |
|
|
69.31% |
|
|
|
73.94% |
|
|
|
73.91% |
|
Dividend yield |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
76
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
7. |
|
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (continued) |
|
|
|
The Company uses a volatility rate calculation based on the closing price for its common
stock at the end of each calendar month as reported by the NASDAQ Global Market (or The
American Stock Exchange prior to November 5, 2007). Since the Company has a limited history
with option exercises, the expected life was set to the entire life of the option grant
through the fourth
quarter of 2007. Beginning with options granted during the fourth quarter 2007, the Company
began estimating the expected life of its options in a manner consistent with SAB 107, which
allows companies to use a simplified method to estimate the life of options meeting certain
criteria. The Company believes that the use of the simplified method provides a reasonable
term for purposes of determining compensation costs for these grants, and expects to use the
simplified method to estimate the expected life of future options for eligible grants. The
discount rate used
is the yield on a United States Treasury note as of the grant date with a maturity equal to
the estimated life of the option. The Company has not in the past issued a cash dividend,
nor does it have any current plans to do so in the future; therefore, an expected dividend
yield of zero was used. |
|
|
|
The Company expects all outstanding unvested stock options to vest according to their normal
vesting schedule. A summary of activity under the Plan during the year ended December 31,
2007 is presented below: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
Options |
|
Option Shares |
|
|
Exercise Price |
|
Outstanding December 31, 2006 |
|
|
1,011,479 |
|
|
$ |
3.61 |
|
Granted |
|
|
590,000 |
|
|
|
3.61 |
|
Exercised |
|
|
(53,081 |
) |
|
|
4.21 |
|
Forfeited or expired |
|
|
(121,207 |
) |
|
|
4.53 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding December 31, 2007 |
|
|
1,427,191 |
|
|
$ |
3.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(weighted average contractual term) |
|
7.4 years |
|
|
|
|
Exercisable at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
770,858 |
|
|
$ |
3.40 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(weighted average contractual term) |
|
6.1 years |
|
|
|
|
The aggregate intrinsic values of the Companys outstanding and exercisable options as of
December 31, 2007 were $801,868 and $403,744, respectively.
A summary of the Plans non-vested options at December 31, 2007 and activity under the Plan
during the year ended December 31, 2007 is presented below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant Date Fair- |
|
Options |
|
Option Shares |
|
|
Value |
|
Outstanding December 31, 2006 |
|
|
207,833 |
|
|
$ |
3.65 |
|
Granted |
|
|
590,000 |
|
|
|
3.61 |
|
Vested |
|
|
(102,167 |
) |
|
|
4.03 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
(39,333 |
) |
|
|
4.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-Vested at December 31, 2007 |
|
|
656,333 |
|
|
$ |
3.62 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of December 31, 2007, there was $1,229,080 of total unrecognized compensation cost
related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements granted under the Plan. The
cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.30 years.
77
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
7. |
|
STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (continued) |
|
|
|
Cash received from option exercises under the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2007,
2006 and 2005 was $192,371, $243,675 and $41,518, respectively. The intrinsic value of
options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $136,020,
$218,613 and $17,480, respectively. The Company did not receive a tax benefit related to
the exercise of these options because of its net operating loss position. The total fair
value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2007, 2006 and 2005 was $326,254,
$1,076,832 and $784,329, respectively. |
|
|
|
4,082,843 and 3,044,885 options and warrants were excluded from the earnings per share
calculation for the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2005, respectively, since
including these options and warrants would have had an anti-dilutive effect under the
treasury stock method due to the Companys net loss position. 1,261,475 options and
warrants were excluded from the earnings per share calculation for the year ended December
31, 2006, since including these options and warrants would have had an anti-dilutive effect
under the treasury stock method, as the average market price of the common stock during the
period was less than the exercise price of the options or warrants. |
|
8. |
|
RETIREMENT PLAN |
|
|
|
The Company offers a discretionary 401(k) Plan (the Plan) to all of its employees. Under
the Plan, employees may defer income on a tax-exempt basis, subject to IRS limitation. Under
the Plan, the Company can make discretionary matching contributions. Company contributions
expensed in 2007, 2006 and 2005 totaled $59,683, $45,327 and $71,188, respectively. |
|
9. |
|
LEASE ARRANGEMENTS |
|
|
|
The Company has entered into lease commitments for rental of its office space which expires
in 2009 and its laboratory facility which expires in 2008. The future minimum lease
payments during 2008 and 2009 are $169,206 and $36,231, respectively. |
|
|
|
Rent expense amounted to $259,971, $236,824 and $219,516 for the years ended December 31,
2007, 2006 and 2005, respectively. |
78
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
10. |
|
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS |
|
|
|
Included in current liabilities on the balance sheet are $28,841 and $25,353, which
represent amounts due to current directors and officers of the Company for reimbursement of business expenses and payment for director meeting fees as of December 31, 2007 and
2006, respectively. |
|
11. |
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES |
|
|
|
The Company may incur contingent liabilities which may arise during the normal course of
business. Management believes the ultimate outcome of such matters will not have a material
adverse impact on the financial position or results of operations of the Company. |
|
|
|
University of California License |
|
|
|
In August 2006, the Company entered into a Fourth Amendment to Exclusive License Agreement
for patents related to the Companys CaP technology with The Regents of the University of
California. Under the terms of the amendment, the Company amended certain terms of the
agreement, including the elimination of future specified minimum annual royalties which
equal in excess of $3 million owed to the University of California in exchange for an
immediate payment of $100,000. Under the terms of the original agreement, $75,000 would
have been due on February 28, 2007 for which the Company had accrued $37,500 at the time of
the amendment. No future minimum royalty payments are required under the amended contract. |
|
|
|
Antares Pharma, Inc. License |
|
|
|
The Companys license agreement with Antares Pharma, Inc. requires the Company to fund the
development of the licensed products, make milestone payments and pay royalties on the sales
of products related to this license. In 2006, the Company paid $875,000 to Antares and
recorded a liability of $2,625,000 due to Antares to be paid upon the Companys receipt of
payments from Nycomed related to the Elestrin FDA approval milestone. In 2007, the Company
paid $2,625,000 to Antares thereby reducing the liability to zero and paid or accrued
$31,209 to Antares as a result of royalties received by the Company. |
|
|
|
Wake Forest License |
|
|
|
In April 2002, the Company exclusively in-licensed from Wake Forest University and
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center three issued U.S. patents claiming triple hormone therapy (the
combination use of estrogen plus progestogen plus androgen, e.g. testosterone) and obtained
an option to license the patents for triple hormone contraception. The financial terms of
the license include an upfront payment by the Company in exchange for exclusive rights to
the license and regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments and royalty payments by
the Company if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets approved and
subsequently marketed. In July 2005, the Company exercised the option for an exclusive
license for the three U.S. patents for triple hormone contraception. The financial terms of
this license include an upfront payment, regulatory milestone payments, maintenance payments
and royalty payments by the Company if a product incorporating the licensed technology gets
approved and subsequently marketed. |
79
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
11. |
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Future minimum maintenance payments due under this agreement are as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
Year |
|
Minimum Amount Due |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
60,000 |
|
2009 |
|
|
60,000 |
|
2010 |
|
|
70,000 |
|
2011 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
2012 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
2013 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
2014 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
2015 |
|
|
80,000 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
120,000 |
|
|
|
Under the terms of the license agreement with the
Wake Forest University and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, the Company has the right to
terminate the license at any time. |
|
|
|
The Company has agreed to indemnify, hold harmless and defend Wake Forest University and
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center against any and all claims, suits, losses, damages, costs, fees
and expenses resulting from or arising out of exercise of the license agreement, including
but not limited to, any product liability claims. The Company has not recorded any
liability in connection with this obligation as no events occurred that would require
indemnification. |
|
|
|
Aesthetic License |
|
|
|
In February 2006, the Company signed an exclusive option and license agreement with Medical
Aesthetics Technology Corporation for the use of the Companys CaP technology in the field
of aesthetic medicine. Under the terms of the option and license agreement, MATC will use
the Companys CaP technology to develop products for commercialization in the field of
aesthetic medicine, specifically, the improvement and/or maintenance of the external
appearance of the head, face, neck and body. In November 2007, the Company exercised its
options under the license and signed a license agreement with MATC covering the use of the
Companys CaP as a facial filler (BioLook) in aesthetic medicine. Under the agreement,
MATC is responsible for continued development of BioLook, including required clinical
trials, regulatory filings and all manufacturing and marketing associated with the product.
In exchange for the license, the Company has taken an ownership position in MATC of about
five percent of the common shares of MATC. In addition to the ownership position, the
Company may receive certain milestone payments and royalties as well as share in certain
payments if MATC sublicenses the technology. The Company recorded an investment asset and
licensing revenue of $140,000 related to this license and ownership position in MATC. The
MATC investment is recorded using the cost-method. |
80
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
11. |
|
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (continued) |
|
|
|
Contingencies |
|
|
|
In May 2006, the Company, certain officers, one of its directors and a former officer
entered into a Settlement Agreement related to a personnel matter, under which the Company
agreed to pay the former officer post-termination payments in the aggregate amount of
$780,000 in equal installments in accordance with the Companys regular payroll cycle
through December 31, 2007, plus $110,000 of legal fees incurred by the former officer. As
required by the agreement, the payments were secured by an irrevocable letter of credit,
which was supported by the Companys short-term investment account. The outstanding
balances under the letter of credit and corresponding accrued liability were $0 and $550,588
as of December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively. |
|
|
|
In July 2006, the Company reached an agreement with its employment practices liability
insurance carrier pursuant to which in August 2006, the carrier paid the Company $500,000 in
settlement of the Companys claim against the carrier for coverage in this matter. The
costs of the Settlement Agreement and corresponding insurance payment receipt have been
included in general and administrative expenses in the statements of operations. |
81
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
Notes to the Financial Statements
December 31, 2007
12. |
|
SELECTED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED) |
|
|
|
Selected quarterly data for 2007 and 2006 is as follows: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
|
First(1) |
|
|
Second(1) |
|
|
Third |
|
|
Fourth |
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
50,608 |
|
|
$ |
69,446 |
|
|
$ |
43,793 |
|
|
$ |
329,307 |
|
Research and development expenses |
|
|
987,470 |
|
|
|
1,405,647 |
|
|
|
1,145,764 |
|
|
|
1,212,432 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
|
918,769 |
|
|
|
1,265,796 |
|
|
|
1,027,194 |
|
|
|
1,119,602 |
|
Licensing
expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating loss |
|
|
(1,888,547 |
) |
|
|
(2,630,797 |
) |
|
|
(2,147,158 |
) |
|
|
(2,012,942 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
(1,817,018 |
) |
|
|
(2,400,309 |
) |
|
|
(1,693,044 |
) |
|
|
(1,674,064 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(0.08 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.10 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.06 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.06 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
First(1) |
|
|
Second(1) |
|
|
Third(1) |
|
|
Fourth |
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
84,679 |
|
|
$ |
175,251 |
|
|
$ |
140,324 |
|
|
$ |
14,038,367 |
|
Research and development expenses |
|
|
1,002,539 |
|
|
|
1,098,250 |
|
|
|
766,592 |
|
|
|
1,040,909 |
|
General and administrative expenses |
|
|
1,520,344 |
|
|
|
1,228,741 |
|
|
|
210,552 |
|
|
|
1,589,983 |
|
Licensing
expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating (loss) income |
|
|
(3,324,674 |
) |
|
|
(2,295,058 |
) |
|
|
(867,545 |
) |
|
|
8,850,207 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net (loss) income |
|
|
(3,228,495 |
) |
|
|
(2,224,900 |
) |
|
|
(745,061 |
) |
|
|
8,989,729 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Loss) income per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted |
|
$ |
(0.17 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.11 |
) |
|
$ |
(0.03 |
) |
|
$ |
0.44 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Certain 2007 and 2006 quarterly financial data have been
corrected to reflect the reclassification of stock option expense.
See Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies to the financial statements included herein. |
82
|
|
|
Item 9. |
|
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL
DISCLOSURE |
None.
Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that are designed to reasonably ensure that
information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time
periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules and forms and that such
information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive
and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow
timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls
and procedures, we recognize that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and
operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and we
are required to apply our judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible internal
controls. Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls
and procedures as of the end of the period covered in this annual report on Form 10-K. Based on
that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of such period to provide
reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is
recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SECs rules
and forms, and that material information relating to our company is made known to management,
including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, particularly during the period
when our periodic reports are being prepared.
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management report on internal control over financial reporting is included in this report in
Item 8, under the caption Managements Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting.
Change in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our
fourth quarter ended December 31, 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to
materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
83
Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION
Indemnification Agreements
On March 11, 2008, our Board of Directors approved a form of indemnification agreement to be
entered into with each of our current directors and executive officers (each, the Indemnitee).
The indemnification agreements provide, among other things, subject to the procedures set forth in
the indemnification agreements: (i) that we will indemnify the Indemnitee to the fullest extent
permitted by our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and the Delaware General
Corporation Law in the event the Indemnitee was or is a party to or involved with an action, suit
or proceeding by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was serving as one of our officers or directors; (ii)
that we will advance expenses incurred by the Indemnitee in any such proceeding, including
attorneys fees, to the Indemnitee in advance of the final disposition of the proceeding; (iii)
that the rights of the Indemnitees under the indemnification agreements are in addition to any
other rights the Indemnitees may have under our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation,
Bylaws, the Delaware General Corporation Law or otherwise; and (iv) for certain exclusions from our
obligations under the agreements.
Pursuant to the indemnification agreements, we have agreed to refrain from amending our Amended and
Restated Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws to diminish the Indemnitees rights to
indemnification under the indemnification agreements. We have also agreed to maintain directors
and officers liability insurance coverage for our directors and officers, so long as such
insurance is available on a commercially reasonable basis.
The summary of the indemnification agreements described above is qualified in its entirety by
reference to the form of indemnification agreement attached hereto as Exhibit 10.30 and
incorporated herein by reference.
84
PART III
|
|
|
Item 10. |
|
DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE |
Directors
The information in the Election of Directors (Proposal One) section of our definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our next annual meeting of stockholders is
incorporated in this report by reference, or, if such proxy statement is not filed with the SEC
within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report, such information will be
filed as part of an amendment to this report not later than the end of the 120-day period.
Executive Officers
The information concerning our executive officers is included in this report under Item 4a,
Executive Officers of the Registrant and is incorporated in this report by reference.
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
The information in the Stock OwnershipSection 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance
section of our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our next annual
meeting of stockholders is incorporated in this report by reference, or, if such proxy statement is
not filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report,
such information will be filed as part of an amendment to this report not later than the end of the
120-day period.
Code of Conduct and Ethics
Our Code of Conduct and Ethics applies to all of our employees, officers and directors, including
our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and meets the requirements of the
Securities and Exchange Commission. A copy of our Code of Conduct and Ethics is filed as an
exhibit to this report. We intend to disclose any amendments to and any waivers from a provision
of our Code of Conduct and Ethics on a Form 8-K filed with the SEC.
Changes to Nomination Procedures
During the fourth quarter of 2007, we made no material changes to the procedures by which
stockholders may recommend nominees to the Board of Directors, as described in our most recent
proxy statement.
Audit Committee Matters
The information in the Corporate GovernanceAudit Committee section of our definitive proxy
statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our next annual meeting of stockholders is
incorporated in this report by reference, or, if such proxy statement is not filed with the SEC
within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report, such information will be
filed as part of an amendment to this report not later than the end of the 120-day period.
85
Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
The information in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis, the Executive Compensation and the
Director Compensation sections of our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC with
respect
to our next annual meeting of stockholders is incorporated in this report by reference, or, if such
proxy statement is not filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered
by this report, such information will be filed as part of an amendment to this report not later
than the end of the 120-day period.
|
|
|
Item 12. |
|
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS |
The information in the Stock Ownership section of our definitive proxy statement to be filed with
the SEC with respect to our next annual meeting of stockholders and is incorporated in this report
by reference, or, if such proxy statement is not filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end
of the fiscal year covered by this report, such information will be filed as part of an amendment
to this report not later than the end of the 120-day period.
Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans
Our only equity compensation plan under which shares of BioSante common stock may be issued is the
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan. Except otherwise stated
below, options granted in the future under the BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated
1998 Stock Plan are within the discretion of the Compensation Committee of our Board of Directors
and our Board of Directors therefore cannot be ascertained at this time. We expect to submit to
our stockholders at our next annual meeting of stockholders a proposal to approve a new stock
incentive plan, which would replace the BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998
Stock Plan pursuant to which we could issue up to 2 million shares of our common stock. The
following table summarizes outstanding stock options under the BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan as of December 31, 2007.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| | |
| | |
|
|
(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Securities |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
|
(b) |
|
|
Remaining Available for |
|
|
|
Number of Securities to be |
|
|
Weighted-Average Exercise |
|
|
Future Issuance Under |
|
|
|
Issued Upon Exercise of |
|
|
Price of Outstanding |
|
|
Equity Compensation Plans |
|
|
|
Outstanding Options, |
|
|
Options, Warrants |
|
|
(excluding securities reflected |
|
Plan Category |
|
Warrants and Rights |
|
|
and Rights |
|
|
in column (a)) |
|
Equity compensation
plans approved by
security holders |
|
|
1,427,191 |
|
|
$ |
3.50 |
|
|
|
1,209,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity compensation
plans not approved
by security holders |
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
1,427,191 |
|
|
$ |
3.50 |
|
|
|
1,209,336 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Item 13. |
|
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE |
The information in the Related Party Relationships and Transactions and Corporate Governance
Director Independence sections of our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC with
respect to our next annual meeting of stockholders is incorporated in this report by reference, or,
if such proxy statement is not filed with the SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year
covered by this report, such information will be filed as part of an amendment to this report not
later than the end of the 120-day period.
86
Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES
The information in the Proposal Three Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm Audit, Audit-Related, Tax and Other Fees and Proposal Three Ratification of
Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Pre-Approval Policy and Procedures of
our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC with respect to our next annual meeting of
stockholders is incorporated herein by reference, or, if such proxy statement is not filed with the
SEC within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report, such information will
be filed as part of an amendment to this report not later than the end of the 120-day period.
Item 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES
Our financial statements are included in Item 8 of Part II of this report.
The exhibits to this report are listed on the Exhibit Index on pages 89-94. A copy of any of the
exhibits listed will be furnished at a reasonable cost, upon receipt from any person of a written
request for any such exhibit. Such request should be sent to BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 111
Barclay Boulevard, Lincolnshire, Illinois 60069, Attn: Stockholder Information.
The following is a list of each management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement required to
be filed as an exhibit to this annual report on Form 10-K pursuant to Item 15(a):
A. |
|
Employment Agreement, dated January 21, 1998, between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
Stephen M. Simes, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to BioSantes Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006 (File No. 000-31812)). |
|
B. |
|
Employment Agreement, dated June 11, 1998, between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Phillip
B. Donenberg, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to BioSantes Amendment
No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form 10-SB (File No. 000-28637)). |
|
C. |
|
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended and Restated 1998 Stock Plan (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 contained in BioSantes 8-K as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission on June 12, 2006
(File No. 001-31812)). |
|
D. |
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of BioSantes
executive officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to BioSantes Annual Report on
Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001 (File No. 000-28637)). |
|
E. |
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of BioSantes
executive officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to BioSantes Annual Report on
Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 001-31812)). |
|
F. |
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
and each of BioSantes directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.31 to BioSantes Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2003 (File No. 001-31812)). |
|
G. |
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement between BioSante Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. and each of BioSantes directors and executive officers (filed
herewith). |
|
H. |
|
Description of Non-Employee Director Compensation Arrangements (filed herewith). |
|
I. |
|
Description of Executive Officer Compensation Arrangements (filed herewith). |
87
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto
duly authorized.
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|
|
Dated: March 17, 2008 |
|
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. |
|
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By
|
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/s/ Stephen M. Simes |
|
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Stephen M. Simes |
|
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Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
|
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(Principal Executive Officer) |
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By
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/s/ Phillip B. Donenberg |
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Phillip B. Donenberg |
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Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
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|
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|
|
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) |
|
|
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed
below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates
indicated.
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Name and Signature |
|
Title |
|
Date |
|
|
|
|
|
/s/ Stephen M. Simes
|
|
Vice Chairman, President and Chief
|
|
March 17, 2008 |
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Stephen M. Simes
|
|
Executive Officer |
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|
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|
|
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/s/ Louis W. Sullivan, M.D.
|
|
Chairman of the Board
|
|
March 11, 2008 |
|
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Louis W. Sullivan, M.D. |
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/s/ Fred Holubow
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Director
|
|
March 11, 2008 |
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Fred Holubow |
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/s/ Peter Kjaer
|
|
Director
|
|
March 11, 2008 |
|
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Peter Kjaer |
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/s/ Ross Mangano
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Director
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|
March 11, 2008 |
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Ross Mangano |
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/s/ Edward C. Rosenow, III
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Director
|
|
March 11, 2008 |
|
|
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|
|
Edward C. Rosenow, III |
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|
88
BIOSANTE
PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
EXHIBIT
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
|
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Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
3.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation of BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 3.1
contained in
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
SB-2, as amended, (Reg. No.
333-64218) |
|
|
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Bylaws of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 3.2
contained in
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
SB-2, as amended (Reg. No.
333-64218) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Form of Warrant issued in connection
with the August 2003 Private Placement
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.2
contained in
BioSantes Form 8-K
as filed with the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
on August 6, 2003 (File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Form of Warrant issued by BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to each of the
subscribers party to the May 2004
Subscription Agreements and the
placement agents
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.2 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on May
14, 2004 (File No. 001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Form of Warrant dated as of July 21,
2006 issued by BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to each of the
subscribers party to the Subscription
Agreements dated July 7, 2006
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.2
contained in
BioSantes Form 8-K
as filed with the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
on July 24, 2006 (File No. 001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Form of Warrant dated as of June 13,
2007 issued by BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to each of the
subscribers party to the Subscription
Agreements dated May 25, 2007
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.2
contained in
BioSantes Form 8-K
as filed with the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
on June 14, 2007 (File No. 001-31812) |
89
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
Employment Agreement, dated January 21,
1998, between BioSante Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. and Stephen M. Simes, as amended
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form 10-K
for the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2006
(File No. 000-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.2
|
|
Employment Agreement, dated June 11,
1998, between BioSante Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. and Phillip B. Donenberg, as
amended
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.17 to
BioSantes
Amendment No. 1 to
the Registration
Statement on Form
10-SB
(File No.
000-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Amended
and Restated 1998 Stock Plan
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes 8-K as
filed with the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
on June 12, 2006
(File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each
of BioSantes executive officers
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.5
contained in
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
10-SB, as amended
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each
of BioSantes executive officers
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.30
contained in
BioSantes 10-KSB
for the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2003 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.6
|
|
Form of Stock Option Agreement between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each
of BioSantes directors
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.31
contained in
BioSantes 10-KSB
for the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2003 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Office Lease, dated December 19, 2003,
between BioSante and LaSalle National
Bank Association, as successor trustee
to American National Bank and Trust
Company of Chicago
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.29
contained in
BioSantes 10-KSB
for the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2003 (File No.
001-31812) |
90
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
First Amendment to Lease, dated
February 26, 2004, between BioSante and
LaSalle National Bank Association, as
successor trustee to American National
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes 10-QSB
for the fiscal
quarter ended March
31, 2004 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
Second Amendment to Lease dated as of
January 4, 2005, by and between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
LaSalle Bank National Association, as
successor trustee to American National
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on
January 1, 2005 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.10
|
|
Third Amendment to Lease dated as of
January 27, 2006 by and between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
LaSalle Bank National Association, as
successor trustee to American National
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on
January 27, 2006
(File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.11
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Lease dated as of
March 7, 2007 by and between BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and LaSalle Bank
National Association, as successor
trustee to American National Bank and
Trust Company of Chicago
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on March
7, 2007
(File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.12
|
|
Fifth Amendment to Lease dated as of
November 2, 2007 by and between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
LaSalle Bank National Association, as
successor trustee to American National
Bank and Trust Company of Chicago.
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on
November 6, 2007 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.13
|
|
License Agreement, dated June 18, 1997,
between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
and The Regents of the University of
California (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
10-SB, as amended
(File No. 0-28637) |
91
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
10.14
|
|
Amendment to License Agreement, dated
October 26, 1999, between BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the Regents
of the University of California (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.2
contained in
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
10-SB, as amended
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.15
|
|
Amendment No. 2 to the License
Agreement, dated May 7, 2001, between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and The
Regents of the University of California
(1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.23 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form
10-KSB for the
fiscal year ended
December 31, 2001
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.16
|
|
Third Amendment to the License
Agreement dated June 30, 2004, between
BioSante and The Regents of the
University of
California (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
exhibit 10.3
contained in
BioSantes 10-QSB
for the fiscal
quarter ended June
30, 2004 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.17
|
|
Fourth Amendment to Exclusive License
Agreement for Selected Applications of
Coated Nanocrystalline Particles
between The Regents of the University
of California and BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. dated as of
August 11, 2006 (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes 10-Q for
the fiscal quarter
ended September 30,
2006 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.18
|
|
License Agreement, dated June 13, 2000,
between Permatec Technologie, AG (now
known as Antares Pharma, Inc.) and
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes Current
Report on Form 8-K
as filed with the
Securities and
Exchange Commission
on July 11, 2000
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.19
|
|
Amendment No. 1 to the License
Agreement, dated May 20, 2001, between
Antares Pharma IPL AG and BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.18 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form
10-KSB for the
fiscal year ended
December 31, 2001
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.20
|
|
Amendment No. 2 to the License
Agreement, dated July 5, 2001, between
Antares Pharma IPL AG and BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.19 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form
10-KSB for the
fiscal year ended
December 31, 2001
(File No. 0-28637) |
92
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
10.21
|
|
Amendment No. 3 to the License
Agreement, dated August 30, 2001,
between Antares Pharma IPL AG and
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.20 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form
10-KSB for the
fiscal year ended
December 31, 2001
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.22
|
|
Amendment No. 4 to the License
Agreement, dated August 8, 2002,
between Antares Pharma IPL AG and
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.20 to
BioSantes
Registration
Statement on Form
SB-2, as amended
(File No. 333-87542) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.23
|
|
Amendment No. 5 to the License
Agreement, dated December 30, 2002
between Antares Pharma IPL AG and
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.25 to
BioSantes Annual
Report on Form
10-KSB for the
fiscal year ended
December 31, 2001
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.24
|
|
Amendment No. 6 to the License
Agreement, dated October 20, 2006
between Antares Pharma IPL AG and
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.27
contained in
BioSantes 10-K for
the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2006 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.25
|
|
Exclusive Sublicense Agreement dated as
of November 7, 2006 between BioSante
and Bradley Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (1)
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.28
contained in
BioSantes 10-K for
the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2006 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.26
|
|
Common Stock and Warrant Purchase
Agreement dated August 4, 2003 between
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the
purchasers listed on schedule 1 thereto
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1
contained in
BioSantes Form
8-K, filed on
August 6, 2003
(File No. 0-28637) |
|
|
|
|
|
10.27
|
|
Investor Rights Agreement dated August
4, 2003 between BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and the
purchasers listed on Schedule 1
attached to the Common Stock and
Warrant Purchase Agreement
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.3
contained in
BioSantes Form
8-Kas filed with
the Securities and
Exchange Commission
on August 6, 2003
(File No. 0-28637) |
93
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No. |
|
Exhibit |
|
Method of Filing |
|
|
|
|
|
10.28
|
|
Form of Subscription Agreement dated as
of July 7, 2006 by and between BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of the
subscribers party to the Subscription
Agreement
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on July
10, 2006 (File No.
001-31812) |
|
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10.29
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|
Form of Subscription Agreement dated as
of May 25, 2007 by and between BioSante
Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and each of the
subscribers party to the Subscription
Agreement
|
|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 10.1 to the
Current Report on
Form 8-K as filed
with the Securities
and Exchange
Commission on May
25, 2007 (File No. 001-31812) |
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10.30
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Form of Indemnification Agreement
between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
and each of its directors and executive
officers
|
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Filed herewith |
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10.31
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Description of Non-Employee Director
Compensation Arrangements
|
|
Filed herewith |
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10.32
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Description of Executive Officer
Compensation Arrangements
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Filed herewith |
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14.1
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Code of Conduct and Ethics
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|
Incorporated by
reference to
Exhibit 14.1
contained in
BioSantes 10-KSB
for the fiscal year
ended December 31,
2003 (File No. 001-31812) |
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23.1
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Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP
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Filed herewith |
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31.1
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Certification of Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to SEC Rule 13a-14 |
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Furnished herewith |
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31.2
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Certification of Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to SEC
Rule 13a-14 |
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Furnished herewith |
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32.1
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Certification of Chief Executive
Officer Pursuant to Rule 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
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Filed herewith |
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32.2
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Certification of Chief Financial
Officer Pursuant to Rule 18 U.S.C.
Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to
Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
of 2002
|
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Filed herewith |
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(1) |
|
Confidential treatment under Rule 24b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, has
been granted with respect to designated portions of this document. |
94
Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
EXHIBIIT 10.30
INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT
THIS INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT, made and executed this
_____
day of , 2008, by
and between BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company),
and
, an individual resident of the State of (the
Indemnitee).
WHEREAS, the Company is aware that, in order to induce highly competent persons to serve the
Company as directors or officers or in other capacities, the Company must provide such persons with
adequate protection through insurance and indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and
actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the Company;
WHEREAS, the Company recognizes that the increasing difficulty in obtaining directors and
officers liability insurance, the increases in the cost of such insurance and the general
reductions in the coverage of such insurance have increased the difficulty of attracting and
retaining such persons;
WHEREAS, the Board of Directors of the Company has determined that it is essential to the best
interests of the Companys stockholders that the Company act to assure such persons that there will
be increased certainty of such protection in the future;
WHEREAS, it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company contractually to obligate
itself to indemnify such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they
will continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified;
and
WHEREAS, the Indemnitee is willing to serve, continue to serve, and take on additional service
for or on behalf of the Company or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries on the condition that
he/she be so indemnified.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the mutual promises and covenants
contained herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of
which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and the Indemnitee do hereby agree as follows:
1. Service by the Indemnitee. The Indemnitee agrees to serve and/or continue to serve
as a director, officer, employee or other agent of the Company faithfully and will discharge
his/her duties and responsibilities to the best of his/her ability so long as the Indemnitee is
duly elected or qualified in accordance with the provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate
of Incorporation, as amended (the Certificate), and Bylaws, as amended (the Bylaws) of the
Company and the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended (the DGCL), or until
his/her earlier death, resignation or removal. The Indemnitee may at any time and for any reason
resign from such position (subject to any other contractual obligation or other
obligation imposed by operation by law), in which event the Company shall have no obligation under this
Agreement to continue to retain the Indemnitee in any such position. Nothing in this Agreement
shall confer upon the Indemnitee the right to continue in the employ of the Company or as a
director of the Company or affect the right of the Company to terminate the Indemnitees employment
or service at any time in the sole discretion of the Company, with or without cause, subject to any
contract rights of the Indemnitee created or existing otherwise than under this Agreement.
2. Indemnification. The Company shall indemnify the Indemnitee against all Expenses
(as defined below), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably
incurred by the Indemnitee as provided in this Agreement to the fullest extent permitted by the
Certificate, Bylaws and DGCL or other applicable law in effect on the date of this Agreement and to
any greater extent that applicable law may in the future from time to time permit. Without
diminishing the scope of the indemnification provided by this Section 2, the rights of
indemnification of the Indemnitee provided hereunder shall include, but shall not be limited to,
those rights hereinafter set forth, except that no indemnification shall be paid to the Indemnitee:
(a) on account of any action, suit or proceeding in which judgment is rendered against
the Indemnitee for disgorgement of profits made from the purchase or sale by the Indemnitee
of securities of the Company pursuant to the provisions of Section 16(b) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), or similar provisions of any federal,
state or local statutory law;
(b) on account of conduct of the Indemnitee which is finally adjudged by a court of
competent jurisdiction to have been knowingly fraudulent or to constitute willful
misconduct;
(c) in any circumstance where such indemnification is expressly prohibited by
applicable law;
(d) with respect to liability for which payment is actually made to the Indemnitee
under a valid and collectible insurance policy of the Company or under a valid and
enforceable indemnity clause, Bylaw or agreement (other than this Agreement) of the Company,
except in respect of any liability in excess of payment under such insurance, clause, Bylaw
or agreement;
(e) if a final decision by a court having jurisdiction in the matter shall determine
that such indemnification is not lawful (and, in this respect, both the Company and the
Indemnitee have been advised that it is the position of the Securities and Exchange
Commission that indemnification for liabilities arising under the federal securities laws is
against public policy and is, therefore, unenforceable, and that claims for indemnification
should be submitted to the appropriate court for adjudication); or
2
(f) in connection with any action, suit or proceeding by the Indemnitee against the
Company or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries or the directors, officers, employees
or other Indemnitees of the Company or any of its direct or indirect
subsidiaries, (i) unless such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law,
(ii) unless the proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Company,
(iii) unless such indemnification is provided by the Company, in its sole discretion,
pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law, or (iv) except as
provided in Sections 11 and 13 hereof.
3. Actions or Proceedings Other Than an Action by or in the Right of the Company. The
Indemnitee shall be entitled to the indemnification rights provided in this Section 3 if the
Indemnitee was or is a party or witness or is threatened to be a party or witness to any
threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal,
administrative or investigative in nature, other than an action by or in the right of the Company,
by reason of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or
fiduciary of the Company, or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, or is or was serving at
the request of the Company, or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, as a director, officer,
employee, agent or fiduciary of any other entity, including, but not limited to, another
corporation, partnership, limited liability company, employee benefit plan, joint venture, trust or
other enterprise, or by reason of any act or omission by him/her in such capacity. Pursuant to this
Section 3, the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses, judgments, penalties
(including excise and similar taxes), fines and amounts paid in settlement which were actually and
reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such action, suit or proceeding
(including, but not limited to, the investigation, defense or appeal thereof), if the Indemnitee
acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to
the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal action or proceeding, had no
reasonable cause to believe his/her conduct was unlawful.
4. Actions by or in the Right of the Company. The Indemnitee shall be entitled to the
indemnification rights provided in this Section 4 if the Indemnitee was or is a party or witness or
is threatened to be made a party or witness to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or
proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company to procure a judgment in its favor by reason
of the fact that the Indemnitee is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the
Company, or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, or is or was serving at the request of the
Company, or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, as a director, officer, employee, agent or
fiduciary of another entity, including, but not limited to, another corporation, partnership,
limited liability company, employee benefit plan, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, or by
reason of any act or omission by him/her in any such capacity. Pursuant to this Section 4, the
Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him/her in
connection with the defense or settlement of such action, suit or proceeding (including, but not
limited to the investigation, defense or appeal thereof), if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and
in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
Company; provided however, that no such indemnification shall be made in respect of any claim,
issue, or matter as to which the Indemnitee shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company,
unless and only to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or the court in
which such action, suit or proceeding was brought shall determine upon application that, despite
the adjudication of liability but in view of all the circumstances of the case, the Indemnitee is
fairly and reasonably entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses actually and reasonably
incurred by him/her which such court shall deem proper.
3
5. Good Faith Definition. For purposes of this Agreement, the Indemnitee shall be
deemed to have acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or
not opposed to the best interests of the Company, or, with respect to any criminal action or
proceeding to have had no reasonable cause to believe the Indemnitees conduct was unlawful, if
such action was based on (i) the records or books of the account of the Company or other
enterprise, including financial statements; (ii) information supplied to the Indemnitee by the
officers of the Company or other enterprise in the course of their duties; (iii) the advice of
legal counsel for the Company or other enterprise; or (iv) information or records given in reports
made to the Company or other enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an
appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Company or other enterprise.
6. Indemnification for Expenses of Successful Party. Notwithstanding the other
provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that the Indemnitee has served on behalf of the
Company, or any of its direct or indirect subsidiaries, as a witness or other participant in any
class action or proceeding, or has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in defense of any
action, suit or proceeding referred to in Section 3 and 4 hereof, or in defense of any claim, issue
or matter therein, including, but not limited to, the dismissal of any action without prejudice,
the Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the
Indemnitee in connection therewith, regardless of whether or not the Indemnitee has met the
applicable standards of Section 3 or 4 and without any determination pursuant to Section 8.
7. Partial Indemnification. If the Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this
Agreement to indemnification by the Company for some or a portion of the Expenses, judgments, fines
and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee in connection
with the investigation, defense, appeal or settlement of such suit, action, investigation or
proceeding described in Section 3 or 4 hereof, but is not entitled to indemnification for the total
amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify the Indemnitee for the portion of such
Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably
incurred by the Indemnitee to which the Indemnitee is entitled.
8. Procedure for Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification.
(a) To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, the Indemnitee shall submit to the
Company a written request, including documentation and information which is reasonably
available to the Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what
extent the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification. The Secretary of the Company shall,
promptly upon receipt of a request for indemnification, advise the Board of Directors in
writing that the Indemnitee has requested indemnification. Any Expenses incurred by the
Indemnitee in connection with the Indemnitees request for indemnification hereunder shall
be borne by the Company. The Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold the Indemnitee
harmless for any Expenses incurred by the Indemnitee under the immediately preceding
sentence irrespective of the outcome of the determination of the Indemnitees entitlement to
indemnification.
4
(b) Upon written request by the Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 3 or
4 hereof, the entitlement of the Indemnitee to indemnification pursuant to the
terms of this Agreement shall be determined by the following person or persons, who
shall be empowered to make such determination: (i) if a Change in Control (as hereinafter
defined) shall have occurred, by Independent Counsel (as hereinafter defined) (unless the
Indemnitee shall request in writing that such determination be made by the Board of
Directors (or a committee thereof) in the manner provided for in clause (ii) of this
Section 8(b)) in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be
delivered to the Indemnitee; or (ii) if a Change in Control shall not have occurred, (A)(1)
by the Board of Directors of the Company, by a majority vote of Disinterested Directors (as
hereinafter defined) even though less than a quorum, or (2) by a committee of Disinterested
Directors designated by majority vote of Disinterested Directors, even though less than a
quorum, or (B) if there are no such Disinterested Directors or, even if there are such
Disinterested Directors, if the Board of Directors, by the majority vote of Disinterested
Directors, so directs, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board of
Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee. Such Independent Counsel
shall be selected by the Board of Directors and approved by the Indemnitee. Upon failure of
the Board of Directors to so select, or upon failure of the Indemnitee to so approve, such
Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Chancellor of the State of Delaware or such
other person as the Chancellor shall designate to make such selection. Such determination of
entitlement to indemnification shall be made not later than 45 days after receipt by the
Company of a written request for indemnification. If the person making such determination
shall determine that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification as to part (but not all)
of the application for indemnification, such person shall reasonably prorate such part of
indemnification among such claims, issues or matters. If it is so determined that the
Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, payment to the Indemnitee shall be made within
ten days after such determination.
9. Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings.
(a) In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification, the
Indemnitee shall be presumed to be entitled to indemnification hereunder and the Company
shall have the burden of proof in the making of any determination contrary to such
presumption.
(b) If the Board of Directors, or such other person or persons empowered pursuant to
Section 8 to make the determination of whether the Indemnitee is entitled to
indemnification, shall have failed to make a determination as to entitlement to
indemnification within 45 days after receipt by the Company of such request, the requisite
determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made and the
Indemnitee shall be absolutely entitled to such indemnification, absent actual and material
fraud in the request for indemnification or a prohibition of indemnification under
applicable law. The termination of any action, suit, investigation or proceeding described
in Section 3 or 4 hereof by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of
nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not, of itself: (i) create a presumption that the
Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which he/she reasonably believed to be
in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to any criminal
action or proceeding, that the Indemnitee has reasonable cause to believe that the
Indemnitees conduct was unlawful; or (ii) otherwise
adversely affect the rights of the Indemnitee to indemnification, except as may be
provided herein.
5
10. Advancement of Expenses. All reasonable Expenses actually incurred by the
Indemnitee in connection with any threatened or pending action, suit or proceeding shall be paid by
the Company in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding, if so requested
by the Indemnitee, within 20 days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements
from the Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances. The Indemnitee may submit such statements
from time to time. The Indemnitees entitlement to such Expenses shall include those incurred in
connection with any proceeding by the Indemnitee seeking an adjudication or award in arbitration
pursuant to this Agreement. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses
incurred by the Indemnitee in connection therewith and shall include or be accompanied by a written
affirmation by the Indemnitee of the Indemnitees good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the
standard of conduct necessary for indemnification under this Agreement and an undertaking by or on
behalf of the Indemnitee to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee is
not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses by the Company pursuant to this Agreement or
otherwise. Each written undertaking to pay amounts advanced must be an unlimited general obligation
but need not be secured, and shall be accepted without reference to financial ability to make
repayment.
11. Remedies of the Indemnitee in Cases of Determination not to Indemnify or to Advance
Expenses. In the event that a determination is made that the Indemnitee is not entitled to
indemnification hereunder or if the payment has not been timely made following a determination of
entitlement to indemnification pursuant to Sections 8 and 9, or if Expenses are not advanced
pursuant to Section 10, the Indemnitee shall be entitled to a final adjudication in an appropriate
court of the State of Delaware or any other court of competent jurisdiction of the Indemnitees
entitlement to such indemnification or advance. Alternatively, the Indemnitee may, at the
Indemnitees option, seek an award in arbitration to be conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant
to the rules of the American Arbitration Association, such award to be made within 60 days
following the filing of the demand for arbitration. The Company shall not oppose the Indemnitees
right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration or any other claim. Such judicial
proceeding or arbitration shall be made de novo, and the Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by
reason of a determination (if so made) that the Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification. If a
determination is made or deemed to have been made pursuant to the terms of Section 8 or Section 9
hereof that the Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such
determination and shall be precluded from asserting that such determination has not been made or
that the procedure by which such determination was made is not valid, binding and enforceable. The
Company further agrees to stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the
Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement and is precluded from making any
assertions to the contrary. If the court or arbitrator shall determine that the Indemnitee is
entitled to any indemnification hereunder, the Company shall pay all reasonable Expenses actually
incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with such adjudication or award in arbitration (including,
but not limited to, any appellate proceedings).
6
12. Notification and Defense of Claim. Promptly after receipt by the Indemnitee of
notice of the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, the Indemnitee will, if a claim in
respect thereof is to be made against the Company under this Agreement, notify the Company in
writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission to so notify the Company will not relieve the
Company from any liability that it may have to the Indemnitee otherwise than under this Agreement
or otherwise, except to the extent that the Company may suffer material prejudice by reason of such
failure. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, with respect to any such action,
suit or proceeding as to which the Indemnitee gives notice to the Company of the commencement
thereof:
(a) The Company will be entitled to participate therein at its own expense.
(b) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 12(b), to the extent that it may wish,
the Company, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, shall be entitled
to assume the defense thereof with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Indemnitee. After
notice from the Company to the Indemnitee of its election to so assume the defense thereof,
the Company shall not be liable to the Indemnitee under this Agreement for any legal or
other Expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnitee in connection with the defense
thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation or as otherwise provided below. The
Indemnitee shall have the right to employ the Indemnitees own counsel in such action or
lawsuit, but the fees and Expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the Company of
its assumption of the defense thereof shall be at the expense of the Indemnitee unless
(i) the employment of counsel by the Indemnitee has been authorized by the Company, (ii) the
Indemnitee shall have reasonably concluded that there may be a conflict of interest between
the Company and the Indemnitee in the conduct of the defense of such action and such
determination by the Indemnitee shall be supported by an opinion of counsel, which opinion
shall be reasonably acceptable to the Company, or (iii) the Company shall not in fact have
employed counsel to assume the defense of the action, in each of which cases the fees and
Expenses of counsel shall be at the expense of the Company. The Company shall not be
entitled to assume the defense of any action, suit or proceeding brought by or on behalf of
the Company or as to which the Indemnitee shall have reached the conclusion provided for in
clause (ii) above.
(c) The Company shall not be liable to indemnify the Indemnitee under this Agreement
for any amounts paid in settlement of any action, suit or proceeding effected without its
written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. The Company shall not be
required to obtain the consent of the Indemnitee to settle any action, suit or proceeding
which the Company has undertaken to defend if the Company assumes full and sole
responsibility for such settlement and such settlement grants the Indemnitee a complete and
unqualified release in respect of any potential liability.
(d) If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to this Section 12,
the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give
prompt notice of the commencement of such proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the
procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all
necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee,
all amounts payable as a result of such proceeding in accordance with the terms of the
policies.
7
13. Other Right to Indemnification. The indemnification and advancement of Expenses
provided by this Agreement are cumulative, and not exclusive, and are in addition to any other
rights to which the Indemnitee may now or in the future be entitled under any provision of the
Bylaws or Certificate of the Company, any vote of stockholders or Disinterested Directors, any
provision of law or otherwise. Except as required by applicable law, the Company shall not adopt
any amendment to its Bylaws or Certificate the effect of which would be to deny, diminish or
encumber the Indemnitees right to indemnification under this Agreement.
14. Director and Officer Liability Insurance. The Company shall maintain directors
and officers liability insurance for so long as the Indemnitees services are covered hereunder,
provided and to the extent that such insurance is available on a commercially reasonable basis. In
the event the Company maintains directors and officers liability insurance, the Indemnitee shall
be named as an insured in such manner as to provide the Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as
are accorded to the most favorably insured of the Companys officers or directors. However, the
Company agrees that the provisions hereof shall remain in effect regardless of whether liability or
other insurance coverage is at any time obtained or retained by the Company, except that any
payments made to, or on behalf of, the Indemnitee under an insurance policy shall reduce the
obligations of the Company hereunder.
15. Spousal Indemnification. The Company will indemnify the Indemnitees spouse to
whom the Indemnitee is legally married at any time the Indemnitee is covered under the
indemnification provided in this Agreement (even if the Indemnitee did not remain married to him or
her during the entire period of coverage) against any pending or threatened action, suit,
proceeding or investigation for the same period, to the same extent and subject to the same
standards, limitations, obligations and conditions under which the Indemnitee is provided
indemnification herein, if the Indemnitees spouse (or former spouse) becomes involved in a pending
or threatened action, suit, proceeding or investigation solely by reason of his or her status as
the Indemnitees spouse, including, without limitation, any pending or threatened action, suit,
proceeding or investigation that seeks damages recoverable from marital community property,
jointly-owned property or property purported to have been transferred from the Indemnitee to
his/her spouse (or former spouse). The Indemnitees spouse or former spouse also may be entitled to
advancement of Expenses to the same extent that the Indemnitee is entitled to advancement of
Expenses herein. The Company may maintain insurance to cover its obligation hereunder with respect
to the Indemnitees spouse (or former spouse) or set aside assets in a trust or escrow fund for
that purpose.
16. Intent. This Agreement is intended to be broader than any statutory
indemnification rights applicable in the State of Delaware and shall be in addition to any other
rights the Indemnitee may have under the Companys Certificate, Bylaws, applicable law or
otherwise. To the extent that a change in applicable law (whether by statute or judicial decision)
permits greater indemnification by agreement than would be afforded currently under the Companys
Certificate, Bylaws, applicable law or this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties that the
Indemnitee enjoy by this Agreement the greater benefits so afforded by such change. In the event of
any change in applicable law, statute or rule which narrows the right of a Delaware corporation to
indemnify a member of its Board of Directors or an officer, employee, agent or fiduciary, such
change, to the extent not otherwise required by such law, statute or rule to be
applied to this Agreement, shall have no effect on this Agreement or the parties rights and
obligations hereunder.
8
17. Attorneys Fees and Other Expenses to Enforce Agreement. In the event that the
Indemnitee is subject to or intervenes in any action, suit or proceeding in which the validity or
enforceability of this Agreement is at issue or seeks an adjudication or award in arbitration to
enforce the Indemnitees rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement the
Indemnitee, if he/she prevails in whole or in part in such action, shall be entitled to recover
from the Company and shall be indemnified by the Company against any actual expenses for attorneys
fees and disbursements reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee.
18. Effective Date. The provisions of this Agreement shall cover claims, actions,
suits or proceedings whether now pending or hereafter commenced and shall be retroactive to cover
acts or omissions or alleged acts or omissions which heretofore have taken place. The Company shall
be liable under this Agreement, pursuant to Sections 3 and 4 hereof, for all acts of the Indemnitee
while serving as a director and/or officer, notwithstanding the termination of the Indemnitees
service, if such act was performed or omitted to be performed during the term of the Indemnitees
service to the Company.
19. Duration of Agreement. This Agreement shall survive and continue even though the
Indemnitee may have terminated his/her service as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary
of the Company or as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of any other entity,
including, but not limited to another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, employee
benefit plan, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or by reason of any act or omission by the
Indemnitee in any such capacity. This Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and its
successors and assigns, including, without limitation, any corporation or other entity which may
have acquired all or substantially all of the Companys assets or business or into which the
Company may be consolidated or merged, and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee and his/her
spouse, successors, assigns, heirs, devisees, executors, administrators or other legal
representations. The Company shall require any successor or assignee (whether direct or indirect,
by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or
assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the
Company and the Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same
manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession
or assignment had taken place.
20. Disclosure of Payments. Except as expressly required by any Federal or state
securities laws or other Federal or state law, neither party shall disclose any payments under this
Agreement unless prior approval of the other party is obtained.
21. Severability. If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held
invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever, (a) the validity, legality and
enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including, but not limited to, all
portions of any Sections of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid,
illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and (b) to the
fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, but not limited to, all
portions of any paragraph of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid,
illegal or unenforceable, that are not themselves invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be
construed so as to give effect to the intent manifest by the provision held invalid, illegal or
unenforceable.
9
22. Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed by one or more counterparts, each of
which shall for all purposes be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute
one and the same Agreement. Only one such counterpart signed by the party against whom
enforceability is sought shall be required to be produced to evidence the existence of this
Agreement.
23. Captions. The captions and headings used in this Agreement are inserted for
convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the
construction thereof.
24. Definitions. For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) Change in Control shall mean the occurrence of any one of the following:
(i) the sale, lease, exchange or other transfer, directly or indirectly, of
substantially all of the assets of the Company (in one transaction or in a series of
related transactions) to a person or entity that is not controlled by the Company;
(ii) the approval by the stockholders of the Company of any plan or proposal
for the liquidation or dissolution of the Company;
(iii) any person becomes after the effective date of this Agreement the
beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or
indirectly, of (A) 20% or more, but not 50% or more, of the combined voting power of
the Companys outstanding securities ordinarily having the right to vote at
elections of directors, unless the transaction resulting in such ownership has been
approved in advance by the Continuity Directors, or (B) 50% or more of the combined
voting power of the Companys outstanding securities ordinarily having the right to
vote at elections of directors (regardless of any approval by the Continuity
Directors);
(iv) a merger or consolidation to which the Company is a party if the
stockholders of the Company immediately prior to effective date of such merger or
consolidation have beneficial ownership (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the
Exchange Act), immediately following the effective date of such merger or
consolidation, of securities of the surviving corporation representing (A) more than
50%, but less than 80%, of the combined voting power of the surviving corporations
then outstanding securities ordinarily having the right to vote at elections of
directors, unless such merger or consolidation has been approved in advance by the
Continuity Directors, or (B) 50% or less of the combined voting power of the
surviving corporations then outstanding securities ordinarily having the right to
vote at elections of directors (regardless of any approval by the Continuity
Directors);
10
(v) the Continuity Directors cease for any reason to constitute at least a
majority of the Board; or
(vi) any other change in control of the Company of a nature that would be
required to be reported pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, whether
or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.
(b) Continuity Directors shall mean any individuals who are members of the Board on
the effective date of this Agreement and any individual who subsequently becomes a member of
the Board whose election, or nomination for election by the Companys stockholders, was
approved by a vote of at least a majority of the Continuity Directors (either by specific
vote or by approval of the Companys proxy statement in which such individual is named as a
nominee for director without objection to such nomination).
(c) Disinterested Director shall mean a director of the Company who is not or was not
a party to the action, suit, investigation or proceeding in respect of which indemnification
is being sought by the Indemnitee.
(d) Expenses shall include all attorneys fees, retainers, court costs, transcript
costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and
binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other
disbursements or expenses incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to
prosecute or defend, investigating or being or preparing to be a witness in any threatened,
pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or
investigative in nature.
(e) Independent Counsel shall mean a law firm or a member of a law firm that neither
is presently nor in the past five years has been retained to represent (i) the Company or
the Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party or (ii) any other party to the
action, suit, investigation or proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification
hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Independent Counsel shall not include
any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing,
would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or the Indemnitee in an
action to determine the Indemnitees right to indemnification under this Agreement.
25. Entire Agreement, Modification and Waiver. This Agreement constitutes the entire
agreement and understanding of the parties hereto regarding the subject matter hereof, and no
supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing
by both parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or
shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such
waiver constitute a continuing waiver. No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement
shall limit or restrict any right of the Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any act or
omission of the Indemnitee prior to the effective date of such supplement, modification or
amendment unless expressly provided therein.
11
26. Notices. All notices, requests, demands or other communications hereunder shall
be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (a) delivered by hand with receipt
acknowledged by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed,
(b) mailed by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested with postage prepaid, on the
date shown on the return receipt, (c) sent by a recognized next-day courier service on the first
business day following the date of dispatch or (d) delivered by facsimile transmission on the date
shown on the facsimile machine report:
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(i)
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If to the Indemnitee to:
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(ii)
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If to the Company, to: |
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BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. |
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111 Barclay Boulevard |
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Lincolnshire, Illinois |
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Attn: Chief Executive Officer |
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Fax: (847) 478-9263 |
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with a copy to: |
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Oppenheimer Wolff & Donnelly LLP |
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3300 Plaza VII |
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45 South Seventh Street |
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Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402 |
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Attn: Amy E. Culbert, Esq. |
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Fax: (612) 607-7100 |
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or to such other address as may be furnished to the Indemnitee by the Company or to the Company by
the Indemnitee, as the case may be.
27. Governing Law. The parties hereto agree that this Agreement shall be governed by,
and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, applied without
giving effect to any conflicts-of-law principles.
[Signature Page Follows]
12
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on the day and year first above
written.
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BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC. |
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
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INDEMNITEE: |
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By: |
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Name: |
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13
Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 10.31
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
DESCRIPTION OF NON-EMPLOYEE DIRECTOR
COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS
Retainer and Meeting Fees. We pay each of our non-employee directors, other than the Chairman of the Board and
the chairman of each board committee, an annual cash retainer of $20,000, paid on a quarterly basis. We pay the
Chairman of the Board a $45,000 annual retainer, the Chairman of the Audit and Finance Committee a $30,000 annual
retainer and the Chairman of each of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee and Compensation Committee a
$25,000 annual retainer, also paid on a quarterly basis. In addition, we pay each of our non-employee directors an
additional cash fee of $2,000 for each board meeting attended in person, $1,000 for each board meeting attended via
telephone and $1,000 for each board committee meeting attended in person or via telephone. We do not compensate
Stephen M. Simes, our Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, separately for serving on the board of
directors or any of the board committees.
Annual Stock Options. Non-employee directors, other than the Chairman of the Board, are granted an annual option
to purchase 10,000 shares of BioSante common stock on March 31 of each year. The Chairman of the Board is granted an
annual option to purchase 15,000 shares of BioSante common stock on March 31 of each year. Such option vests one year
from the date of grant.
Initial Stock Options. Non-employee directors initially elected to the board of directors are granted an option
to purchase 15,000 shares of BioSante common stock. Such option vests annually over four years.
Reimbursement of Expenses. Non-employee directors are reimbursed for out-of-pocket expenses incurred in
connection with attending board and board committee meetings.
Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 10.32
BIOSANTE PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
DESCRIPTION OF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
COMPENSATION ARRANGEMENTS
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. has entered into employment agreements with each of its executive
officers, copies of which agreements have been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
as exhibits to BioSantes annual report on Form 10-K. The following is a description of oral
amendments to those employment agreements or additional oral compensation arrangements between
BioSante and the following executive officers of BioSante:
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Name of Executive |
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Base |
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Bonus |
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Stock |
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Officer |
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Title |
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Salary |
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Arrangements |
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Options |
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Other |
Stephen M. Simes
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Vice Chairman,
President and Chief
Executive Officer
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$417,640 per year.
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$256,100 for the
year ended December
31, 2007, one-half
paid in January
2008 and the
remaining one-half
to be paid on
December 31, 2008
so long as Mr.
Simes is still
employed by
BioSante as of such
date, or earlier
upon a change in
control of BioSante
or if Mr. Simes is
terminated without
cause.
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Options to purchase
shares of BioSante
common stock may be
granted from time
to time in the sole
discretion of the
board of directors
of BioSante.
On January 15,
2008, the BioSante
board of directors
granted Mr. Simes
an option to
purchase 100,000
shares of BioSante
common stock at an
exercise price of
$3.995 per share.
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Under the BioSante
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. 401(k) Savings
Plan, participants,
including executive
officers, may
voluntarily request
that BioSante
reduce pre-tax
compensation by up
to 100% (subject to
certain special
limitations) and
contribute such
amounts to a trust.
BioSante
contributed an
amount equal to 50%
of the amount that
each participant
contributed under
this plan.
Executive officers
receive other
benefits received
by other BioSante
employees,
including health,
dental and life
insurance benefits.
Executive officers
also receive an
auto allowance.
Mr. Simes also
receives
reimbursement for
excess long-term
disability and
excess life
insurance premiums
and taxes
associated with the
premiums. |
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Phillip B. Donenberg
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Chief Financial
Officer, Treasurer
and Secretary
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$232,140 per year.
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$87,600 for the
year ended December
31, 2007, one-half
paid in January
2008 and the
remaining one-half
to be paid on
December 31, 2008
so long as Mr.
Donenberg is still
employed by
BioSante as of such
date, or earlier
upon a change in
control of BioSante
or if Mr. Donenberg
is terminated
without cause.
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Options to purchase
shares of BioSante
common stock may be
granted from time
to time in the sole
discretion of the
board of directors
of BioSante.
On January 15,
2008, the BioSante
board of directors
granted Mr.
Donenberg an option
to purchase 60,000
shares of BioSante
common stock at an
exercise price of
$3.995 per share.
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Under the BioSante
Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. 401(k) Savings
Plan, participants,
including executive
officers, may
voluntarily request
that BioSante
reduce pre-tax
compensation by up
to 100% (subject to
certain special
limitations) and
contribute such
amounts to a trust.
BioSante
contributed an
amount equal to 50%
of the amount that
each participant
contributed under
this plan.
Executive officers
receive other
benefits received
by other BioSante
employees,
including health,
dental and life
insurance benefits.
Executive officers
also receive an
auto allowance. |
Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statement Nos. 333-109474, 333-100238
and 333-53384 on Form S-8 and Registration Statement Nos. 333-144665, 333-136852, 333-116110 and
333-64218 on Form S-3 of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. of our reports dated March 17, 2008,
relating to the financial statements of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and the effectiveness of
BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.s internal control over financial reporting, appearing in the Annual
Report on Form 10-K of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2007.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
Chicago, Illinois
March 17, 2008
Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES OXLEY ACT OF 2002 AND SEC RULE 13A-14
I, Stephen M. Simes, certify that:
1. |
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I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; |
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Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report; |
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3. |
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Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report; |
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4. |
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The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
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Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure
controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared; |
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(b) |
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Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such
internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles; |
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(c) |
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Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and
procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report
based on such evaluation; and |
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Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants
internal control over financial reporting; and |
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The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent
evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the
audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent
functions): |
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All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation
of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and |
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(b) |
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Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial
reporting. |
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Date: March 17, 2008 |
/s/ Stephen M. Simes
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Stephen M. Simes |
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Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
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Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE
SARBANES OXLEY ACT OF 2002 AND SEC RULE 13A-14
I, Phillip B. Donenberg, certify that:
1. |
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I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; |
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Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact
or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the
circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period
covered by this report; |
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3. |
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Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of
operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report; |
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4. |
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The registrants other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
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Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure
controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material
information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is
made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in
which this report is being prepared; |
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Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such
internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to
provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally
accepted accounting principles; |
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(c) |
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Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and
procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the
disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report
based on such evaluation; and |
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(d) |
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Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over
financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter
(the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants
internal control over financial reporting; and |
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The registrants other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent
evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the
audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent
functions): |
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(a) |
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All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation
of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely
affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial
information; and |
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(b) |
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Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees
who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial
reporting. |
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Date: March 17, 2008 |
/s/ Phillip B. Donenberg
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Phillip B. Donenberg |
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Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
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Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 32.1
CERTIFICATION OF CEO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the Company) on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the
date hereof (the Report), I, Stephen M. Simes, Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive
Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
(1) |
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The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934; and |
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(2) |
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The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the
financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
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/s/ Stephen M. Simes
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Stephen M. Simes |
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Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
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March 17, 2008 |
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Filed by Bowne Pure Compliance
Exhibit 32.2
CERTIFICATION OF CFO PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
In connection with the Annual Report of BioSante Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (the Company) on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2007 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the
date hereof (the Report), I, Phillip B. Donenberg, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and
Secretary of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to the best of my knowledge:
(1) |
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The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934; and |
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(2) |
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The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the
financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
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/s/ Phillip B. Donenberg
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Phillip B. Donenberg |
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Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary |
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March 17, 2008 |
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